Novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV/COVID-19: latest research progress (phase seventh)

< br / > < br / > May 28, 2020 / < br / > Bio Valley < br / > bio on / - since December 8, 2019, several cases of pneumonia with unknown etiology have been reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, ChinaMost of the patients work in or live near the local South China seafood wholesale marketIn the early stage of this kind of pneumonia, severe acute respiratory infection symptoms appear, and some patients develop rapidly into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute respiratory failure and other serious complicationsA novel coronavirus was identified from the throat swabs of patients in January 7, 2020 by the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)It was originally named 2019-nCoV by the WHO (WHO)Most patients with 2019 ncov pneumonia have mild symptoms and a good prognosisSo far, some patients have developed severe pneumonia, pulmonary edema, ARDS or multiple organ failure and death< br / > < br / > on February 11, 2020, who renamed the disease coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19)On the same day novel coronavirus research team, which is responsible for classifying and naming viruses, published an article on bioRxiv, pointing out that the team has decided that the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV is a variant that causes the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002-2003 yearsTherefore, the new pathogen was renamed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, or sars-cov-2The International Committee on Taxonomy of viruses is a virus named SARS-CoV-2, but John Ziebuhr, the research group chairman, said the name (SARS-CoV-2) was not associated with SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome, also known as SARS)However, the renaming of the virus has caused a lot of controversyAccording to the science website, the World Health Organization is not satisfied with the name sars-cov-2 and does not intend to use it< br / > < br / > coronavirus can cause multisystem infection in many animalsBefore that, six kinds of coronaviruses have been able to infect human beings, which mainly cause respiratory tract infection: two highly lethal coronaviruses, namely severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (mers COV); four kinds of coronaviruses that can cause mild upper respiratory diseases, Hcov-oc43, hcov-229e, HCoV-NL63 and hcov-hku1< br / > < br / > based on the serious harm of the epidemic to China and the world, the editor combs the recent progress of 2019-ncov / covid-19 research for the readers< br / > 1< br / > a number of studies have shown that children have less symptoms of sars-cov-2 infection than adults < br / > doi:10.1542/peds.2020-0702 The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, formerly known as 2019-nCoV, has caused's 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and is now rampaging around the worldIn a new study, evidence has been added from Shanghai Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Anhui Medical University and Nanjing Medical University to show that children infected with sars-cov-2 have less symptoms than adultsThe relevant research results were recently published online in the journal Pediatrics, with the title of "experimental characteristics of 2143 pediatrics patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in China"image from Pediatrics, 2020, doi:10.1542/peds.2020-0702 。 < br / > < br / > the researchers analyzed 731 children in China who had been diagnosed with covid-19 by laboratory tests and 1412 children who were suspected to have covid-19Of these 2143 children, the majority were mild, with only one child dyingNearly 6% of these cases in children are severe or critical, compared with 18.5% in adultsHowever, it is not clear why children with covid-19 are often less ill than adultsDrBonnie Maldonado, chairman of the infectious diseases Committee of the American Academy of Pediatrics, who was not involved in the new study, said, "there may be multiple reasons." It's possible that the receptor conformation of this virus in children may be different from that in adultsMaybe it's just that more adults have been tested, after all, that's always the keyHowever, there are other studies of pregnant women and children who are not seriously illI guess children's immune responses are differentTheir immune system is younger and growing" Maldonado said the coronavirus "seems to be particularly harmless to children."< br / > 2 Jto: Chinese scientists first revealed the early pathological characteristics of sars-cov-2 lung infection < br / > doi:10.1016/j.jtho.2020.02.010 The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, formerly known as 2019-nCoV, has caused 's 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and is now rampaging around the world In a new study, researchers from Central South Hospital of Wuhan University in China described the pathological characteristics of covid-19 for the first time Relevant research results were published in Journal of theoretical oncology, and the title of the paper was "pulmonary pathway of early phase 2019 new coronavirus (covid-19) pneumonia in two patients with lung cancer" "This is the first study to describe the pathological characteristics of covid-19, because no autopsy or biopsy has been carried out so far," said Shu Yuan Xiao, Ph.D., a correspondence author of the paper and a doctor from Central South Hospital of Wuhan University Due to a rare coincidence, this will be the only description of the early pathology of the disease Nothing else will happen Autopsy shows only late changes in the disease " < br / > Pathological examination showed that except for adenocarcinoma, the lungs of the two patients showed edema, protein exudate, focal reactive proliferation of pulmonary cells with inflammatory cell infiltration and multinuclear giant cells Fibroblast blockage was found in the lung air cavity "Since neither of the two patients had pneumonia symptoms at the time of surgery, these changes may represent an early stage of lung pathology in covid-19 pneumonia," said Dr Xiao AJR: revealed that there was significant overlap between covid-19 imaging features and SARS and mers < br / > doi:10.2214/AJR.20.22969 < br / > < br / > in a new study, researchers from UCLA and USC found that although the imaging characteristics of covid-19 are variable and nonspecific, However, the findings reported so far do show a "significant overlap" with the imaging features of SARS and mers The related research results were recently published in the American Journal of roentgenology The title of the paper is "radiology perspective of coronavirus release 2019 (covid-19): lessons from severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome" < br / > < br / > after a review of the current clinical literature on covid-19, Melina hosseiny of UCLA, the first author of the paper, concluded, "early evidence suggests that the initial chest imaging will show at least 85% of patients with abnormalities, 75% of whom initially have bilateral lung involvement, The most common manifestation is ground glass shadow with consolidation in the subpleural and surrounding areas In addition, "old age and progressive consolidation" may mean poor overall prognosis The initial chest imaging abnormalities of SARS and mers were more common in unilateral lung In contrast, the initial chest imaging abnormalities of covid-19 are more likely to involve bilateral lungs < br / > 4 < br / > Science: travel restrictions are the most useful < br / > doi:10.1126/science.abb4218 The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, formerly known as 2019-nCoV, has caused 's 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and is now rampaging around the world In a new study, researchers from Northeastern University, Harvard University, Boston Children's Hospital, Washington University, Oxford University, Southampton University, Pasteur Institute of France, Sorbonne University, Beijing Normal University of China and San Francisco University of Ecuador analyzed human mobility and epidemiological data, It is found that human mobility can predict the spread of covid-19 in China Unfortunately, travel restrictions in Wuhan came later, and research shows that the impact of travel restrictions is declining as the covid-19 epidemic spreads China's provinces outside Hubei Province took early action to test, track and contain imported cases of covid-19, which played the best role in preventing or containing local outbreaks Relevant research results were published online in the journal Science on March 25, 2020 The paper title is "the effect of human mobility and control measures on the covid-19 environmental in China" < br / > picture from science, 2020, doi:10.1126/science.abb4218 。 < br / > However, with an average incubation period of 5 days, in some cases up to 14 days, these mobility restrictions did not start to have a positive impact on the data of new cases in more than a week - things seemed to get worse within 5-7 days after the blockade, because local transmission was ongoing < br / > < br / > of the cases reported outside Hubei Province, 515 have known to travel to Wuhan, and the onset date of symptoms is before January 31, 2020, while only 39 have traveled to Wuhan since January 31, which shows that travel restrictions have an impact on reducing transmission to other provinces of China Dr Moritz Kraemer, Department of zoology, Oxford University, co-author of the paper, said, "our findings show that travel restrictions in the early stages of this coronavirus outbreak effectively prevent infection from known sources However, once covid-19 cases start to spread locally, the contribution of new cases is much smaller This requires a set of measures including local mobility restrictions, detection, tracking and isolation to reduce the epidemic Provinces and other countries in China that have successfully prevented the spread of covid-19 internally need to carefully consider how to manage the resumption of travel and mobility in order to avoid the re emergence and spread of the disease among the population " In view of the effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine in the fight against sars-cov-2 infection, two small-scale < br / > clinical trials < br / > give opposite conclusions, and further research is needed to verify < br / > < br / > doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9292.2020.03.03; doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949 The novel coronavirus (hydroxychloroquine) is touted as "God's gift" by the US President Donald Trump, because of its potential to fight SARS-CoV-2 However, in a small study conducted in China, researchers from Fudan University in China found that hydroxychloroquine was not more effective than conventional treatment The related research results were published in the Journal of Zhejiang University (Medical Edition) on March 6, 2020 The title of the paper is "a pilot study of hydrohydroquinone in treatment of patients with common coronavirus disease-19 (covid-19)" < br / > < br / > in this study, 30 patients with covid-19 were studied according to 1: