Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on deepening the reform of the system and mechanism and accelerating the implementation of the strategy of innovation driven development

Source: People's network people's daily innovation on March 24, 2015 is an important force to promote the development of a country and a nation, and also an important force to promote the development of the whole human society In the face of the major opportunities and challenges of a new round of global scientific and technological revolution and industrial change, the trend changes and characteristics under the new normal of economic development, and the historical tasks and requirements to achieve the two centenary goals, we must deepen the reform of the system and mechanism, and accelerate the implementation of the innovation driven development strategy The following opinions are put forward 1、 Overall thinking and main objectives To speed up the implementation of the innovation driven development strategy is to enable the market to play a decisive role in the allocation of resources and better play the role of the government, remove all ideological barriers and institutional barriers restricting innovation, stimulate the whole society's innovation vitality and creative potential, improve the efficiency and efficiency of labor, information, knowledge, technology, management and capital, and strengthen the docking of science and technology with the economy and the same innovation achievements Industrial connection, connection of innovation projects with real productivity, connection of innovative labor of R & D personnel with their interest income, enhancement of contribution of scientific and technological progress to economic development, and creation of policy and institutional environment for mass entrepreneurship and innovation ——Adhere to demand orientation We should closely follow the major needs of economic and social development, strive to open up the channels for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces, break down the barriers of innovation for scientists, scientific and technological personnel, entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs, and solve the constraints of the transformation from factor driven and investment driven to innovation driven, so that innovation can be truly implemented in creating new growth points, and turn innovation into real industrial activities 。 ——Stick to talent first We should take talents as the first resource of innovation, pay more attention to training, making good use of and attracting all kinds of talents, promote the rational flow and optimal allocation of talents, and innovate the training mode of talents; pay more attention to strengthening the incentive mechanism, give more benefits and spiritual encouragement to scientific and technological personnel; pay more attention to the innovative role of entrepreneurs and skilled talents, and fully stimulate the innovation of the whole society New energy ——Adhere to the rules According to the characteristics of scientific and technological activities, we should grasp the exploration and discovery rules of scientific research, create good conditions and loose environment for scientists to concentrate on research, invention and creation, and technological breakthrough; grasp the market rules of technological innovation, so that the market becomes the main means to optimize the allocation of innovative resources, so that enterprises become the main force of technological innovation, and intellectual property system becomes the incentive for innovation To create a culture and social atmosphere of brave exploration, encouraging innovation and tolerating failure ——Adhere to comprehensive innovation Put scientific and technological innovation at the core of the overall development of the country, promote the reform of scientific and technological system and economic and social fields as a whole, promote the innovation of science and technology, management, brand, organization and business model as a whole, promote the integration of military and civilian innovation as a whole, promote the innovation of joint import and export as a whole, and realize the organic unity and coordinated development of scientific and technological innovation, institutional innovation and open innovation By 2020, a system environment, policy and legal system will be basically formed to meet the requirements of innovation driven development, providing a strong guarantee for entering the ranks of innovative countries The free flow of talents, capital, technology and knowledge, the collaborative innovation of enterprises, scientific research institutes and colleges and universities, the bursting of innovation vitality, the full protection of innovation achievements, the greater embodiment of innovation value, the substantial improvement of innovation resource allocation efficiency, the rational sharing of innovation benefits by innovative talents, the real implementation of innovation driven development strategy, and the promotion of economic growth The new engine of business start-up, building new advantages of participating in international competition and cooperation, promoting the formation of a new pattern of sustainable development, and promoting the transformation of economic development mode 2、 Create a fair competition environment to encourage innovation, play the fundamental role of market competition to encourage innovation, create a fair, open and transparent market environment, strengthen the guidance of competition policy and industrial policy to innovation, promote the survival of the fittest, and enhance the innovation power of market subjects （1） We will implement a strict intellectual property protection system to improve the laws related to intellectual property protection, study how to lower the threshold of criminal liability for infringement, adjust the standards of compensation for damages, and explore the implementation of punitive compensation system We should improve the mechanism of protecting the rights of the obligees and reasonably divide the burden of proof of the obligees We will improve the legal system for the protection of trade secrets, make clear the definition of trade secrets and violations, study and formulate corresponding protection measures, and explore the establishment of a pre litigation protection system Research on the protection of intellectual property rights of new forms of innovation achievements such as business models We will improve the judicial mechanism of intellectual property rights, promote the integration of three trials in civil, criminal and administrative cases of intellectual property rights, give full play to the role of intellectual property courts, explore different trial mechanisms for cross regional intellectual property cases, and break the local protection of violations We will improve the mechanism for investigating and punishing intellectual property rights violations, strengthen the link between administrative law enforcement and justice, strengthen the comprehensive administrative law enforcement of intellectual property rights, improve the assistance system for safeguarding intellectual property rights, and incorporate information on violations into social credit records （2） We will break the industry monopoly and market segmentation that restrict innovation, accelerate the reform of monopoly industries, open up competitive businesses in natural monopoly industries, and establish a unified, transparent, orderly and standardized market environment that encourages innovation We will strengthen anti-monopoly law enforcement, find and stop monopoly agreements and abuse of market dominance in a timely manner, and expand space for innovation and development of small and medium-sized enterprises We will break local protection, clean up and abolish regulations and practices that hinder the national unified market, correct local governments' improper subsidies or use of administrative power to restrict and eliminate competition, and explore the implementation of a fair competition review system （3） Improve the access management of new technology, new products and new business models, reform the industry access system, formulate and implement the negative list of industry access, and all kinds of market entities can enter the industries, fields and businesses not included in the negative list management equally according to law Remove the unreasonable access barriers restricting the development of new technology, new products and new business models We will establish a convenient and efficient regulatory model for innovative products such as drugs and medical devices, deepen the reform of the review and approval system, increase review resources through various channels, optimize processes, shorten cycles, and support the development of new organizational models such as commissioned production Implement targeted access policies for new energy vehicles, wind power, photovoltaic and other fields We will improve supervision over the Internet, finance, environmental protection, health care, culture, education and other fields, and support and encourage the development of new formats and business models （4） We will improve the industrial technology policy and management system, reform the industrial regulatory system, change the focus of pre-approval to the focus of strengthening the post event supervision in accordance with the law, and form an industrial policy orientation conducive to transformation and upgrading and encouraging innovation Strengthen the guidance and supervision of industrial technology policies, clarify and gradually improve the environment, energy conservation, land conservation, water conservation, material conservation, quality and safety indicators and relevant standards for production links and market access, and form a unified authoritative, open and transparent market access standard system We will improve the system of technical standards and strengthen the formulation and implementation of mandatory standards Strengthen the process supervision of the implementation of industrial technology policies and standards Strengthen the administrative law enforcement linkage mechanism of environmental protection, quality inspection, industry and commerce, safety supervision and other departments （5） The formation of factor price forces the innovation mechanism to use the mechanism that is mainly determined by the market, which urges enterprises to change from relying on excessive consumption of resources and energy, low-performance and low-cost competition to relying on innovation and implementing differentiated competition Accelerate the reform of resource tax, gradually expand the resource tax to occupy all kinds of natural ecological space, and promote the change of environmental protection fee into tax Improve the formation mechanism of market-oriented industrial land price We will improve the mechanism for the normal increase of wages of employees in enterprises, and make the changes in labor costs compatible with the improvement of economic quality and efficiency 3、 Establish a market-oriented mechanism of technological innovation to give full play to the market's guiding role in the direction, route selection and allocation of various innovative resources, adjust innovation decision-making and organization mode, strengthen inclusive policy support, and promote enterprises to truly become the main body of technological innovation decision-making, R & D investment, scientific research organization and achievement transformation （6） Expand the discourse power of enterprises in national innovation decision-making, establish a high-level and normalized enterprise technology innovation dialogue and consultation system, and give play to the important role of enterprises and entrepreneurs in national innovation decision-making More enterprises are invited to participate in the research and formulation of national technological innovation plans, plans, policies and standards Industrial experts and entrepreneurs should account for a large proportion of the relevant expert advisory groups The national science and technology planning should focus on strategic needs, focus on the key areas where the market cannot effectively allocate resources, and make decisions on the R & D direction, technical route and factor allocation mode of technological innovation in competitive industries by enterprises according to market demands （7） To improve the industrial technology innovation mechanism with enterprises as the main body, the scientific and technological projects with clear market orientation shall be led by enterprises, guided by the government, and implemented in combination with colleges and universities and scientific research institutes We will encourage the establishment of an industrial technology innovation strategic alliance led by enterprises and cooperated by industry, University and research institutes We will make more use of post financial subsidies, indirect investment and other means to support enterprises to make independent decisions and invest first, and carry out research and development of key generic technologies, equipment and standards for major industries We will carry out pilot projects for innovation and transformation of leading enterprises, and explore new mechanisms for the government to support technological innovation, management innovation and business model innovation of enterprises We will improve the innovation service system for small and medium-sized enterprises, accelerate the professional and market-oriented reform of institutions such as business incubation, intellectual property services, third-party inspection, testing and certification, and expand the technology trading market We will optimize the layout of national laboratories, key laboratories, engineering laboratories and Engineering (Technology) research centers, integrate them according to their functional positioning, build an open, shared and interactive innovation network, and establish an effective mechanism for opening to enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises We will explore new models in strategic areas, such as enterprise leadership, university collaboration, diversified investment, military civilian integration, and achievement sharing, and integrate them into a number of industrial innovation centers We will increase the opening of major national scientific research infrastructure, large-scale scientific research instruments and patent based information resources to the public （8） We will increase support for inclusive fiscal and tax policies, adhere to the direction of structural tax reduction, and gradually transform the state's investment in technological innovation into inclusive fiscal and tax policies We will make an overall study of the policies for the increase and deduction of corporate income tax, improve the methods for the calculation and verification of corporate R & D expenses, adjust the way of catalogue management, and expand the scope of application of the preferential policies for the increase and deduction of R & D expenses We will improve the methods for identifying high-tech enterprises, and focus on encouraging small and medium-sized enterprises to increase their R & D efforts （9） We will improve the procurement policy of giving priority to the use of innovative products, establish a sound policy system in line with international rules to support the procurement of innovative products and services, implement and improve the relevant measures of government procurement to promote the innovation and development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and increase the procurement of innovative products and services Encourage the use of non bidding procurement methods such as first purchase and ordering, as well as government procurement services to support, and promote the research and development and large-scale application of innovative products We will study and improve the incentive policies for the use of the first set of major technical equipment, and improve the incentive and restraint mechanisms for research and development units in product innovation, value-added services, demonstration applications, and other aspects Relaxing the entry of private enterprises and scientific research institutions