Physicochemical properties and uses of β-lactam drugs (1)

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1 Physical and chemical properties and uses

Beta-lactam drugs (B-lactams) are the oldest antimicrobial drugs, and they are also the most diverse and important class of antibiotics
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Its structural feature is that it contains a β-lactam base nucleus which is rare in nature

Figure 5-1 The basic structure of β-lactam drugs

Table 5-1 The chemical structures of common natural and semi-synthetic penicillins

Table 5-2 Chemical structures of common natural and semi-synthetic cephalosporins

β-lactam drugs have the following structural characteristics: ①The basic structure consists of two parts: the core and the side chain
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The core part contains a four-membered β-lactam ring, and the lactam ring is fused with the second five-membered ring or six-membered ring through the N atom and its adjacent carbon atoms

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