Plasma therapy treats the virus more timely than a vaccine.

The "New Coronary Virus Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment Program" (Trial Version 6) issued by the National Health and Health Commission added "blood plasma therapy for rehabilitation patients" and recommended that it be applied to patients with rapid, heavy and critical conditions.
"blood plasma therapy" into the public eye. On March 6,
, Zhou Qi, Deputy Secretary-General of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, answered questions about plasma treatment at a press conference of the State Council's Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism for The New Crown Pneumonia Outbreak.
Zhou Qi introduced, in the rehabilitation of plasma into the clinical guidelines, in the Ministry of Science and Technology and the Ministry of Health and Planning Commission under the call of "thousands of people to donate plasma to save a thousand people", as of March 5, the data show that 919 people donated plasma, about 294450 ml.
"These recovering plasma provides valuable information, materials, and information for the treatment of patients, including the development of valuable products."
these recovered patients' plasma also plays an important role in the development of further drug practices in critical and critically ill patients, including immunoglobulin development," Zhou added.
when plasma therapy originated, in recent years in the major outbreaks of what application, the rehabilitation of plasma therapy on the health of plasma donors have no impact, the Chinese Association of Science and Technology invited the Chinese Academy of Immunology Vice President, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing Concord College of Immunology Professor Huang Bo and Beijing Ditan Hospital Infection Center Director physician, the National Health AndI New Crown Pneumonia Expert Group member Jiang Rongma for everyone to explain the plasma treatment of the "previous life".
ask: When did the earliest rehabilitation plasma therapy originate? A: The earliest attempts at plasma therapy during the rehabilitation period can be traced back more than 100 years.
1890, Emil Von Behring, a German scientist, and Kitasato Shibasaburo, a Japanese scientist, put detoxified diphtheria (a protein released by diphtheria) or Tetanus toxin (a protein released by Tetanus) immunizes animals and finds a neutralizing toxin in animal serum, called antitoxins (the antibodies we now call them), which can stop the pathogenicity of diphtheria or tetanus toxins.
December 16 of the same year, French bacteriologist and pathologist Charlie Richter prepared serum from dogs injected with TB bacteria, and for the first time in Paris tried to use dog serum injections to treat tuberculosis, marking the success of humans using serum or plasma to treat infectious diseases.
on this basis, the following year, in 1891, in the paediatric ward of the University of Berlin's affiliated clinic, Bellin injected a child with diphtheria with serum containing diphtheria antitoxins (i.e. anti-diphtheria toxin) and the next day, the child's condition improved significantly, and the use of this method reduced the death rate of children with diphtheria from 48% to 13% in 1892 at Berlin Children's Hospital.
when a virus infects the human body, the body's immune system produces an immune response to the invading virus, activating B cells to produce antibodies and releasing them into the bloodstream.
when a patient recovers, his serum or plasma contains antibodies against the virus.
plasma therapy is essentially antibody therapy.
Bellin et al. have pioneered serum/plasma therapy, mainly for bacterial infections.
plasma therapy is also increasingly being used in experimental treatments for viral infections such as Spanish influenza, measles, Argentine haemorrhagic fever, chickenpox, cytomegalovirus and microviruses.
: In recent years, has the rehabilitation plasma therapy been used in the event of an emergency major outbreak? A: In the past 20 years, sars, H5N1, H7N9 avian influenza, MERS, Ebola and other virus outbreaks have been in the past 20 years, all of which have been shown to recover from plasma therapy.
During SARS, the Prince of Wales Hospital in Hong Kong used serum from rehabilitated patients to treat patients with severe SARS, and conducted a small-scale study of safety and efficacy.
2015 H7N9 avian influenza, Zhejiang University First Affiliated Hospital also used rehabilitation plasma to treat 8 patients with severe H7N9.
the history of serum and plasma therapy has made a significant contribution to the prevention and treatment of human diseases, but since its birth, this method of pre-modern medicine has been far from plain sailing in practice.
in practice, scientists are aware of problems such as low concentrations of antibodies in plasma leading to poor efficacy.
: At a press conference held on March 6th of the State Council's joint defense and control mechanism, Zhou Qi said that "the plasma therapy has achieved better results, but there are limitations."
What do you think the role of rehabilitation plasma therapy in the treatment of this new coronary pneumonia outbreak? Because there is no special medicine, plasma therapy has been added to the Pneumonia Clinic for New Coronavirus Infection (Trial Version 5) for severely ill patients.
the recovery plasma of the healer after the new coronavirus infection contains the antibodies of the new coronavirus, which can help the severely ill patients achieve clinical treatment results.
is now only small-scale use, large-scale use, need to look at the effectiveness of clinical applications and adverse reactions.
too much hope for the new crown pneumonia is pinned on antibodies.
as immunology progresses, it is recognized that antibodies are not what we simply understand, that the body can remove the virus as long as it has antibodies, which is a one-sided understanding.
we need to be aware of the complexity of antibodies, even the potential for disease.
the rapid proliferation and replication of new coronavirus pathogens, with the body has a very complex and dynamic interaction, plasma therapy is no longer a simple antibody and toxin problem;
at this stage, the plasma therapy of rehabilitative patients has been popularized nationwide, and some patients have improved clinical indicators and symptoms, but there are limitations such as limited therapeutic plasma sources, different antibody concentration and activity in different human plasma, non-neutral antibodies in plasma that may contribute to cytokine storms and other safety risks.
in the absence of vaccines and special treatments, "plasma therapy" is only an exploratory treatment, and it is now recommended to try out severe patients and closely monitor possible risks.
at present, the new crown pneumonia gradually spread around the world, and do not rule out the risk of transitioning into chronic winter infectious diseases, from then on and human long-term coexistence.
the new coronary pneumonia infection is strong, rapid spread, complex disease process, to the treatment of disease problems, we need to solve the problem of the source of therapeutic plasma, more importantly, on the basis of existing therapy, actively explore effective potential treatment, which is the global new crown pneumonia epidemic prevention and control of an important direction.
Q: What is the effect of plasma therapy on plasma donors during rehabilitation? A: Blood contains a large number of blood cells and the protein components that produce clotting.
blood clots quickly outside the body, and adding anticoagulants can prevent blood clotting.
the blood released after blood collection static (without anticoagulants), blood coagulation, the surface of which will produce a little light yellow liquid, this is serum;
normal one-time blood donation 200-400 ml, only accounted for 5-10% of the total blood volume of the human body.
the general blood after the human body lost plasma and inorganic salt can be 1-2 hours, by tissue fluid into the blood vessels to be replenished, plasma protein can also be restored in a day, red blood cells and hemoglobin need 3-4 weeks to recover, plasma therapy generally take a single plasma method, blood cells back into the donor body, the whole process has strict process control, so will not affect health.
for patients with severe new coronary pneumonia to use rehabilitation plasma therapy, plasma from patients recovering from new coronary pneumonia, after the recovery of patients blood donation on their own has no special impact, blood donation need not have to worry too much.
Source: CCTV.