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Double quaternary ammonium salt
[Structural formula]
[Preparation method] At present, there are mainly the following two synthetic routes of symmetric diquaternary ammonium salts at home and abroad
(1) Synthesis of long-chain tertiary amines
Add 140kg of dodecylamine (or fatty amine with carbon chain length=10-18) into the reactor, then slowly add 158kg of formic acid (88%) and 159kg of formaldehyde (37%), maintain the reaction temperature at 80-150℃, and react 6 ~15h, then add 50% NaOH to make the system pH ≥10, dilute with water, pour it into an oil-water separator, let stand for 6h, separate the upper oily matter, and dry it with anhydrous Na 2 SO 4 to obtain a length of about 150kg Chain tertiary amine
(2) Synthesis of double quaternary ammonium salt
Add 150kg of long-chain tertiary amine and 60kg of dichloroether into the reaction kettle, and at the same time add appropriate amount of organic solvents (toluene, xylene), stir and control at a certain temperature, the reaction obtains a pale yellow turbid mixture, after the solvent is distilled off, A light yellow solid or viscous liquid is obtained, which is a double quaternary ammonium compound
[application]
(1) Sterilization mechanism
There are two long-chain groups in the double quaternary ammonium salt molecule, which increases the positive charge on the two N atoms through induction, which is conducive to the adsorption of the bactericide molecule on the surface of the bacteria, thereby further changing the permeability of the cell wall and making the bacteria Body rupture
(2) Circulating cooling water treatment
The double quaternary ammonium salt type bactericidal algicide is used in the treatment of circulating cooling water, and the killing effect is better than that of the single quaternary ammonium salt.