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Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is a new type of excitation light source that appeared in the 1970s.
It refers to a flame-like high-frequency discharge light source obtained by coupling high-frequency current to the plasma through an induction coil
.
The atomic emission spectrometry with ICP as the light source is called ICP-OES for short
1.
Principle ICP is a high-frequency magnetic field generated by a high-frequency current through an induction coil, so that the working gas forms plasma and presents a flame-like discharge (plasma torch), reaching a high temperature of 10000K, which is the high temperature of the central channel of the ICP ring structure.
It is the best excitation temperature for atoms and ions.
The analyte is heated indirectly in the central channel, and most of it is immediately decomposed into excited atoms and ions
.
When these excited particles return to a stable ground state, they must release a certain amount of energy (shown as a spectrum of a certain wavelength), measure the unique spectral lines and intensities of each element, and compare with the standard solution, you can measure the content of the sample.
2.
Advantages and disadvantages
(1) It has a wide range of applications and can analyze more than 70 elements
.
(2) The linear dynamic range is wide, up to 6 orders of magnitude
.
(3) The analysis speed is fast, 5-8 kinds of elements can be measured in 1 minute
.
(4) The analysis cost is low, and a bottle of argon can be used for 8 hours
.
(5) Organic solvents can be used, and multiple elements can be analyzed at the same time
.
(6) The cost of the instrument is high
.
(7) The detection limit is not low enough
.
(8) There are various unknown and complex matrix spectral interferences
.
3.
The application of ICP analysis technology has good detection limits and precision, less matrix interference, and a wide linear dynamic range.
It is a relatively common element analysis technology
.
It is widely used in the determination of macro and trace metal elements such as plants, animals, water samples, soil, fertilizers, chemical reagents, rocks and minerals
Currently, there are already a number of national standards and industry standard ICP analysis methods, such as GB / T33307, NY / T1653 and so on
.
There are many related studies on ICP element analysis technology.