Principles of reverse osmosis and characteristics of reverse osmosis membranes

Principles of reverse osmosis and characteristics of reverse osmosis membranes

Penetration is a common phenomenon in nature

If the high-concentration aqueous solution is pressurized so that the pressure difference between the high-concentration aqueous solution and the low-concentration aqueous solution is greater than the osmotic pressure, the water in the high-concentration aqueous solution will flow to the low-concentration aqueous solution through the semi-permeable membrane.

Figure 10-27 Schematic diagram of the principle of permeation and reverse osmosis

The membrane used to implement the reverse osmosis operation is a reverse osmosis membrane

Table 10-8 Main polymer materials used in reverse osmosis membranes

At present, reverse osmosis membranes for industrial applications are divided into three categories: reverse osmosis membranes for high-pressure seawater desalination; reverse osmosis membranes for low-pressure brackish water desalination; ultra-low pressure reverse osmosis (LPRO) membranes