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The molecular formula of ethyl propionate is C 6 H 10 O 2 , the molecular weight is 102.
13, and the structural formula is
1.
Product performance
Colorless liquid; melting point -73.
9°C, boiling point 99°C, relative density (d 4 20 ) 0.
8917, refractive index 1.
3847, flash point 12°C; easily soluble in ethanol , ether , propylene glycol and most volatile oils, soluble in approximately 60 parts of water; unstable in alkaline solution; flammable; has a special aroma like pineapple and rum; natural products are found in white grapes, wine and cocoa beans
.
2.
Production principle
Under the catalysis of sulfuric acid, propionic acid can be directly esterified with ethanol
.
Calcium dichloride can also be used as a catalyst .
3.
Process flow
4.
Technical formula (quality, portion)
5.
Main equipment
Esterification reaction kettle, distillation kettle, washing pot, storage tank
.
6.
Production process
(1) Put chloroform as the solvent in the esterification reactor , then add propionic acid and ethanol, add sulfuric acid dropwise with stirring, and heat to reflux for reaction
.
When the amount of water separated in the water separator is close to the theoretical value, the reaction is stopped
(2) Using anhydrous calcium chloride as a catalyst, add 60kg of propionic acid and 46kg of ethanol (95%) into the esterification reaction kettle , stir well and add 45kg of anhydrous calcium chloride
.
Heat to reflux for 10h
7.
Laboratory preparation method
Add 92 g of absolute ethanol, 163 g of propionic acid and 4 g of concentrated sulfuric acid into a 500 mL reaction flask, install a reflux condenser, and heat to reflux for 6 hours
.
After cooling, pour into the same volume of water, heat to saturation, and precipitate the crude ester
8.
Product Standard
9.
Quality inspection
1) Qualitative inspection
Add 5mL of 10% KOH ethanol solution to 1mL sample.
When heated in warm water, the original fragrance disappears
.
After cooling, add dilute sulfuric acid to acidify, produce propionic acid odor
2) Assay
Accurately weigh 1g of the sample, place it in a 150mL flask, and add 25mL of 0.
5mol/L KOH ethanol solution
.
Install a reflux condenser, reflux in a water bath for 1 hour, cool, add 5 drops of phenolphthalein indicator, and then use 1mol/L hydrochloric acid standard solution to drop until the red color fades, which is the end point
.
Do a blank experiment at the same time
.
In the formula: c——molar concentration of hydrochloric acid standard solution, mo/L;
V 1 ——The volume of hydrochloric acid standard solution consumed in the blank experiment, mL;
V 2 ——Determine the volume of hydrochloric acid standard solution consumed by the sample, mL;
m——The mass of the sample, g
.
10.
Product use
Mainly used as a solvent and preparation of flavors
.
For example, it can be used as a solvent for cellulose esters and ethers, various natural or synthetic resins; as a fragrance, it can be used to blend apple, banana, plum, pineapple, cream, western wine, and other flavors
.
It can also be used as a fragrance for high-grade daily cosmetics
.
Also used as an intermediate in organic synthesis
.
11.
Safety measures
(1) Ethyl propionate used as a raw material for edible flavors should be protected from contamination during production
.
(2) This product is a first-class flammable dangerous product, and it should be kept away from fire and heat sources during production, storage and transportation
.
(3) Toxicity is LD50 3.
2~3.
5g/kg (oral orally in rabbits)
.
The highest reference dosage in food (mg/kg): soft drinks 7.
7; sweets 7.
8; cold drinks 29; baked goods 110; gum 1100
.