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| Qian Junbin et al. On May 7, 2021, the internationally renowned Nature Medicine magazine published online the latest collaborative research results of an international team composed of Zhejiang University, the University of Leuven in Belgium, and the VIB Institute. Researcher Qian Junbin from the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Professor Ann Smeets from Leuven University Hospital in Belgium, and Professor Diether Lambrechts from the VIB Institute of Belgium are the co-corresponding authors of this study. In recent years, immunotherapy drugs represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICB) have achieved great success in the treatment of various tumors, greatly improving the survival rate and quality of life of some tumor patients. The study conducted a "window of opportunity" clinical trial for breast cancer patients, that is, 29 newly diagnosed patients and 11 patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy were treated with anti-PD-1 antibodies for about 10 days after fine-needle biopsy of tumors, and then surgery Removal of the mass, and perform single-cell transcriptome combined immune repertoire sequencing (scRNA-seq + scTCR-seq) and single-cell transcriptome combined proteome sequencing (CITE-seq) on the biopsy before and after immunotherapy and postoperative mass tissue, and The changes in cellular components in the tumor microenvironment before and after immunotherapy were analyzed to identify specific cell types that potentially contribute to the outcome of immunotherapy, especially cell subtypes associated with T cell clonal proliferation (Figure 1).
Figure 1: Study design and changes in tumor microenvironment before and after immunotherapy. Figure 1: Study design and changes in tumor microenvironment before and after immunotherapy. + + + + + + +
Figure 2: Immune microenvironment characteristics and biomarkers. Figure 2: Immune microenvironment characteristics and biomarkers. Related paper information: org/10. org/10. 1038/s41591-021-01323-8" target="_blank">https://doi. org/10. 1038/s41591-021-01323-8
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