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At present, the most researched rare gas compounds are mainly Xe compounds, while other rare gas compounds have poor stability and are not many in number
.
1.
Xenon chloride
At room temperature, XeF 2 , XeF 4 and XeF 6 are all white solids
.
As the number of fluorine increases, the melting point decreases sequentially
Under light, the mixed gas of F 2 and Xe can be directly combined to produce XeF 2
.
Under a certain temperature and pressure, Xe and F 2 can be directly combined to obtain three kinds of fluorides XeF 2 , XeF 4 and XeF 6
By controlling the ratio of Xe and F2, reaction time, reaction temperature and other conditions, the ratio of XeF 2 , XeF 4 , and XeF 6 in the product can be appropriately adjusted
.
For example, a large excess of Xe is conducive to the formation of XeF 2 ; an excess of F 2 and controlling the reaction time is conducive to the formation of XeF 4 ; a large excess of F 2 and prolonging the reaction time are conducive to the formation of XeF 6
XeF 6 reacts with SiO 2 to finally generate explosive XeO 3 (melting point is about 25°C)
.
2XeF 6 +3SiO 2 =2XeO 3 +3SiF 4
Therefore, XeF 6 cannot be placed in a glass container
.
XeF 2 , XeF 4 and XeF 6 can all react with water
.
When XeF 6 is not completely hydrolyzed, XeOF 4 is formed (yellow solid at low temperature
.
Decomposed at 0°C) .
XeF 6 +H 2 O=XeOF 4 +2HF
XeF 2 , XeF 4 and XeF 6 all have strong oxidizing properties and can react with many reducing substances
.
E.
g
2.
Oxygen compounds of xenon
The oxides of xenon mainly include XeO 3 , XeO 4 , Na 4 XeO 6 , Na 2 XeO 4 and so on
.
XeF 4 can be hydrolyzed to produce XeO 3
.
6XeF 4 +12H 2 O=2XeO 3 +4Xe+24HF+3O 2
XeO 3 is a white solid, which is easy to explode and decompose
.
2XeO 3 =2Xe+3O 2
XeO 3 has strong oxidizing properties and can oxidize Mn 2+ in an acidic medium
.
5XeO3+6Mn2++9H2O=6MnO4-+5Xe+18H+
XeO 3 exists in the form of acid salt HXeO 4 - after dissolving in alkali .
The acid salt is unstable in alkaline solution and disproportionation reaction occurs slowly
.
Pour O 3 into the aqueous solution of XeO 3 to produce high cyanic acid H 2 XeO 6.
If the reaction is carried out in an alkaline solution, a positive salt of high xenic acid will be formed .
Na 4 XeO 6 is extremely oxidizing, and it is easy to oxidize Mn 2+
.
5Na 4 XeO 6 +8MnSO 4 +2H 2 O=5Xe+8NaMnO 4 +6Na 2 SO 4 +2H 2 SO 4
Treating Na 4 XeO 6 with concentrated sulfuric acid can produce XeO 4 (colorless liquid) .
Na 4 XeO 6 +2H 2 SO 4 (concentrated)=XeO 4 +2Na 2 SO 4 +2H 2 O
XeO .
4 is XeO than 3 material easier explosion, oxidation resistance than XeO 3 strong
.
Related links: the nature and use of rare gases
