Replay Link Monkeypox Virus Theme Salon - One Health and Monkeypox Prevention

On August 26, 2022, the "Monkeypox Virus Salon - One Health and Monkeypox Prevention" was successfully held

Professor Qin Chuan, President of the Chinese Society of Laboratory Animals, Editor-in-Chief of Chinese Journal of Laboratory Animals, Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine and Animal Models and Experimental Medicine (English), Professor Lu Jiahai of Sun Yat-sen University, and Academician of the Royal Veterinary Medical College dr.

You can scan the QR code above to view the playback video

Speech session

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In his opening remarks, Professor Qin Chuan briefly described the outbreak of monkeypox in a number of non-endemic countries since the beginning of May, which has spread to more than 90 countries and infected more than 35,000

Academic reports

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Professor Lu Jiahai gave a report entitled "Coping Strategies for Emerging Infectious Diseases - One Health", which introduced that in the past 20 years, there have been many infectious disease pandemics in the world, at the same time, the situation of antibiotic resistance is grim, the impact of global environmental changes continues, and the serious problems of air pollution have made human health risks increasing

In a report titled "One Health – Challenges and Opportunities," Dr.

Prof.

At the meeting, Dr.

Interview session

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In the interview session, Professor Geoffrey L Smith further noted that the spread of monkeypox viruses between humans requires close contact, and there is no evidence that the strain that caused the 2022 outbreak is more contagious
.

At the same time, the overview
of the current prevention and treatment of monkeypox is summarized.

Professor Lu Jiahai reiterated the concept of "One Health", and China should strengthen mechanisms such as joint prevention and control to practice the concept
of "One Health".

The Chinese government's anti-epidemic concept of "people first, life first" and the epidemic prevention strategy of "internal prevention and rebound, external prevention of imports" are the responsibilities and responsibilities
of a responsible major country.

Adhering to the concept of a community of human health, China will make concerted efforts, watch over each other, and work together to deal with it, resolutely curb the momentum of the spread of the epidemic, win the global battle against the epidemic, and protect the world and the people
.

Dr.
Judy MacArthur Clark pointed out that we need to better educate and train relevant people to accept the concept of "One Health", and we need better cooperation between
global medical organizations and governments.

It also describes how the Salsby Foundation supports research
through the One Health Fellowship.

Part of the interview: about transmission routes, susceptible people, virus detection, vaccine development, effectiveness of antiviral drugs, etc
.

1.
What are the known routes of transmission of monkeypox virus? Since most confirmed cases are male-male sexual relations, do you think sex is a new route of transmission of the monkeypox virus?

The spread of monkeypox viruses to humans requires close contact, both before and during
the current epidemic.

Transmission takes place by breath, through pollutants, or through skin-to-skin contact
.

In the 2022 outbreak, the vast majority of transmission is through sex between men
and men.

2.
Are people with COVID-19 or AIDS, or people with COVID-19 who have had COVID-19 for a long time, more likely to contract the monkeypox virus? Is there a higher risk of monkeypox infection or developing severe symptoms than healthy people?

If infected with both monkeypox virus and HIV, HIV-induced immunosuppression can make MPXV infection more severe
.

Prior to this epidemic, there was evidence of this in West Africa, as a small number of fatal cases of human monkeypox caused by the branching of the West African monkeypox virus occurred in people who were also infected with HIV
.

There is no evidence that SARS-CoV-2 infection affects the outcome
of MXV co-infection.

3.
Are there asymptomatic monkeypox virus infections, just as there are currently asymptomatic infected people in the new crown? Is it possible to detect the virus in the early stages of infection (incubation period)?

There is little evidence of asymptomatic infection of the monkeypox virus
.

Almost all people infected with monkeypox virus develop symptoms such as skin damage to the virus, which can be transmitted to others
.

Therefore, this condition is certainly different from SARS-CoV-2 infection, where a large proportion of asymptomatic infected people do not develop COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019
).

Therefore, because monkeypox viruses have symptoms, they are easier to identify and control
.

4.
Do you think a new vaccine is needed to prevent monkeypox? If so, what advice do you have for vaccine development? Live attenuated vaccines? Messenger RNA vaccine?

No, new vaccines
against monkeypox virus are not needed.

Vaccines used to eradicate smallpox can also prevent monkeypox
.

Thus, traditional old smallpox vaccines such as the vaccinia virus strain Lister (UK and Europe), Wyeth (US) or Tian Tan (China's Temple of Heaven) will work
.

But there are also new, safer vaccines, such as modified Ankara cowpox (MVA) from Germany or LC16m8
from Japan.

MVA is the vaccine
of choice in Europe and North America.

5.
Regarding the treatment of monkeypox, can you evaluate the safety and efficacy of current drugs against positive acne virus? What advice do you have for drug development?

Over the past 20 years, two new drugs have been developed and approved for the control of smallpox
.

These are Tecovirimat and Tembexa
.

Each drug targets a specific protein (F13 or E9-DNA polymerase, respectively
).

These proteins are highly conserved in all positive pox viruses, so these drugs are also effective
against monkeypox viruses.

Tembexa prevents viruses from replicating, while Tecovirimat stops viruses from spreading
.

Further drug screening is underway, one way to test existing drugs that have already been approved for other diseases in order to determine their safety and toxicology
.

6.
"One Health" appears to be a useful approach, especially in epidemic control
.

What are the key issues that are holding governments and individuals back from adopting a "One Health" approach?

An analysis published in the journal Science in 2020 showed that the cost of preventing epidemics over the next 10 years through actions such as protecting wildlife and forests was only equivalent to 2 percent
of the economic losses caused by COVID-19 estimated at the time.

Given the duration of the COVID-19 epidemic, this 2% figure is almost certainly overrated
.

Awareness and attention to the prevention of diseases and infectious diseases needs to be improved, and both doctors and veterinarians are trained
.

The level of cooperation between disciplines and departments requires better co-ordination in order to prevent infectious disease pandemics
.

Through the establishment of mechanisms, collaboration
between disciplines is rewarded.

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