Representatives of the two sessions: How to improve health insurance, health and other policies in the post-epidemic era

TextsWuzhitu (Deputy Chairman of the Finance Committee of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress) should improve the current system with the concept of big health, gradually realize the extension of the service scope of basic medical insurance to disease prevention and health management, realize the transition of disease insurance to health insurance, achieve early prevention of diseases, early detection, early treatment and implementation of health management, avoid waste of medical resources and the inefficient expenditure of medical insurance, and fundamentally improve the health level of the whole societyUnder the unified leadership and decision-making of the CPC Central Committee, the outbreak of new crown pneumonia has been brought under control since the beginning of the yearAt the same time, we have paid a heavy price for dealing with the epidemic, exposing the chronic problems of the disease control system, the health system, the health care system and the socio-economic policyHow to learn lessons, improve relevant policies and improve related work will be the key tasks after the outbreakIn this epidemic prevention and control resistance war, we rely on strong administrative advantages and social mobilization capacity, to take strict crowd isolation and social activity control, so that most people avoid being infected with the virus, this "cannot afford to hide" measures are both a last resort, but also in line with the current Chinese national conditions of the effective wayOf course, we should also be aware of two points: First, we are not in the medical sense to overcome the virus, the new coronavirus root and essence of understanding, the corresponding detection reagents, vaccine development, drug research and development, there are still many areas to be broken, need to vigorously strengthen medical research; , but not the 15th", only to enhance the immunity of the whole people, is the fundamental responseWe should increase the modernization of public health disease control system, give full play to the role of primary health care institutions in daily health education, health management, disease information collection, as well as epidemiological investigation and implementation of epidemic prevention and control, mobilize, organize and guide the participation of social forces, and enhance the overall resistance to the virusSince the reform and opening up, China's medical and health services have developed rapidly, although a few rural and remote areas are still short of medicine, but in many big cities, medical resources are relatively surplusHowever, during this outbreak, some local hospitals due to infectious disease prevention and treatment of outpatient and inpatient beds and other reasons can not meet the needs of the new crown pneumonia, there was a patient waiting too long, difficult to get timely treatmentIn hubei and other key areas may not take temporary rapid construction of fire god mountain, Raytheon mountain and other specialized hospitals, as well as the reconstruction of the square cabin hospital and other emergency measures to ensure timely admission of patientsSeventeen years ago, when SARS broke out, a lot of "Little Tangshan Hospital" emergency was built in various placesHowever, infectious diseases and other major outbreak risks are always present, in the past 30 years, the world has more than 40 new infectious diseases, the new crown pneumonia is definitely not the last outbreak we face, we can not always use sports and campaign thinking to prevent and control all kinds of infectious diseases including SARS, new crown pneumonia and so onFrom a long-term perspective, the construction of the medical service system should take into account the dual needs of peacetime and sudden major outbreaks, and open the gap between treatment and prevention and controlAll general hospitals, whether public or private, should be clearly required when they are approved to set up infectious diseases, wards and wards must be designed and built to meet the needs of the combination of war, in the case of large-scale infectious diseases, should have the corresponding prevention and control capacityNew hospitals should be in line with the layout planning of regional medical institutions, the department settings can not only focus on those who earn money fast, high income of the specialtyInformation from medical institutions and disease control agencies should be shared, and personnel and materials can be integrated and deployed in the event of an emergency, continuously improving the ability of the entire medical system to report on major public health risks, assess decisions and make emergency warning and disposal The state should increase its investment in the prevention and control of infectious diseases, establish and improve the safeguard mechanism and institutional arrangements for medical expenses for major outbreaks Infectious diseases and chronic diseases have become major diseases affecting people's health Several studies have shown that enhanced prevention and health management of such diseases are more effective and economical In the specific policy of medical insurance, a number of drugs with clear preventive effect, medical treatment items and medical services, including physical examination and health education should be included in the scope of medical insurance The basic medical insurance cannot be satisfied with the medical expenses of the insured person after the illness is paid in accordance with the provisions, but should be conducive to the insured person shall not be sick, less disease We should improve the current system with the concept of big health, gradually realize the extension of the service scope of basic medical insurance to disease prevention and health management, realize the transition of disease insurance to health insurance, achieve early prevention of diseases, early detection, early treatment and implementation of health management, avoid waste of medical resources and the inefficiency of medical insurance expenditure, and fundamentally improve the health level of the whole society At the same time, we can not be satisfied with the medical, pharmaceutical, medical insurance existing "three medical linkage", but to the three as an organic whole to promote The new concept of health not only refers to the normal physiological function of the body, but also includes sound psychological quality and good living habits Modern medicine holds that, in addition to medical treatment, social economy, healthy behavior, physical environment and so on are important factors affecting human health The relevant international organizations have proposed the concept of "public health 3.0", emphasizing the adoption of comprehensive measures to actively prevent the occurrence of diseases through social mobilization and the full use of data and resources to address social, environmental and economic factors affecting health The Health China Strategy emphasizes the need to take active preventive measures against health factors such as lifestyle patterns, production and living environment, and medical and health services The treatment after the disease is essentially a primary, passive health view and guarantee, especially for many major diseases treatment and control costs are high and low efficiency, and disease prevention and health management is the most cost-effective health strategy Therefore, combined with the epidemic prevention and control work, widely carry out patriotic health campaign, advocate civilized and healthy lifestyle, improve the health literacy of citizens, improve the level of health management, as well as in the face of the epidemic and other special circumstances of good mentality, should be the next step to improve the work and improve the system of important content For example, the prevention of disease requirements into the day-to-day management of employers, especially the management of crowded sites For example, the traditional Chinese food and dining methods have health risks, in restaurants and families to increase efforts to promote the meal-sharing system In addition, the public in the face of panic and anxiety, emptiness, depression and a series of psychological problems, the relevant institutions to improve the emergency psychological crisis of the ability to guide intervention After the outbreak, scientists carried out a lot of research on the source of the outbreak, there is no definitive conclusion as to whether animals are transmitted to humans But it's worth thinking that since our own humans, we've been living side by side with animals in the same natural environment Whether animals or humans are infected with the virus, it is certainly related to changes in the ecological environment in which humans and animals live Human pollution of the ecological environment is alarming, the soil, water, atmosphere pollution, the abuse of dangerous chemicals, the overexploitation of natural forms such as the rivers and lakes of the forest grasslands, and so on, will inevitably affect the flora and fauna and the human race itself In order to adapt to the new living environment, the virus may mutate from the typical virus of the past to atypical or new virus, thus threatening the survival of human beings This outbreak makes us feel more deeply that the establishment of a new concept of development, green development, and the natural world and other living things in harmony, not only the ecological environment, but also the sustainable development of the economy and society, but also the survival and security of mankind has an urgent and fundamental major issue The outbreak has left the global economy in recession In this context, more investment and consumption are necessary through more proactive fiscal policies and more flexible monetary policies But historical experience has taught us that economic stimulus can easily raise leverage levels and accumulate systemic risks, so macroeconomic policies such as investment and consumption need to strike a balance between short-term recovery and long-term development Investment policy, while attaching importance to the role of current economic pull, should consider the long-term economic restructuring and industrial planning of the established objectives The central government decided to increase investment in infrastructure, promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries, expand investment in strategic emerging industries, and follow the established economic transformation goals In the specific implementation, the policy should be more precise, to do a good job of layout planning and industrial segmentation, to avoid too concentrated to bring new overcapacity On the consumption side, we should not only restore the consumption demand affected by the epidemic as soon as possible, but also pay more attention to the impact of reduced household income on consumption Affected by the epidemic prevention and control, since the beginning of the year, tourism, catering, hotels, retail, passenger transport, real estate sales and other industries have been affected After the epidemic eased, in order to resume the catering industry as soon as possible, some local officials took the lead in restaurants, some local government departments issued a request to close the unit staff restaurant, encourage workers to eat out, and some places and departments issued benefits, subsidies and other forms of consumer vouchers, and provide for special consumption, the deadline to spend For these practices, although the urgency of restoring the economy is understandable, but welfare and subsidies are short-term after all, now we all under the library, the future of how to live? In addition, only a few service industries such as catering to take measures to stimulate consumption can play a big role in the overall consumption? Therefore, these practices are debatable To promote consumption or from a large perspective Affected by the outbreak, many industries declined production and operation, industrial enterprises in the first quarter of the year fell 36.7 percent year-on-year, construction enterprises fell 36.3 percent, the decline in service industry profits is more obvious The decline in the income of a large number of employees is a fundamental factor affecting consumption Therefore, only by adopting a greater effort to reduce taxes and fees policy, to support the vast number of small and medium-sized enterprises to maintain operation, employment can be guaranteed, income can have growth, the people have money, will naturally arrange their own consumption.