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The study, conducted in collaboration with Curtin University and Telethon Kids Institute, was published in the journal Autism Research
.
The study surveyed more than 925,000 newborns in Denmark, Finland and Sweden, of which more than 9,300 children were later diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder
Professor Gavin Pereira, the lead author of Curtin University's School of Population Health, said the study found a significant and surprising link between the time of pregnancy and the chance of siblings being diagnosed with autism
.
Professor Pereira said: "Our study found that if there is a 30 to 39 month interval between two pregnancies, the siblings of a child with autism are less likely to be diagnosed with autism
.
"
"Waiting for 2.
5 to 3 years before getting pregnant is considered the best time frame.
On average, Denmark has the potential to prevent 5% of autism cases, Finland has 8%, and Sweden has 9%
.
"
"In the general population, this study also shows that children born to mothers who are pregnant again 3 months after delivery are 50% more likely to be diagnosed with autism, while children born 5 years later are diagnosed with autism.
The odds are 24% higher
.
"
Professor Pereira said that he was surprised to find that in addition to hereditary and biological factors, his research also found a link between environmental factors and autism
.
Professor Pereira said: "The results of this large-scale, multinational study may help provide family planning counseling, especially for families who are already at higher risk due to a genetic history of neurological diseases
.
"
Helen Leonard, co-author of the study and associate professor at the Telethon Children's Institute, said these findings are most relevant to families with an increased risk of autism
.
Associate Professor Leonard said: "However, couples seeking advice on the issue of pregnancy intervals should consult with medical staff based on their individual circumstances
.
"
"This work was originally initiated by researchers at Telethon Kids and will continue to contribute to our understanding of this challenging situation
.
"
The high-income countries studied provide universal medical care and paid maternity leave after childbirth.
Journal Reference :
Gavin Pereira, Richard W.
