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Researchers from the University of Arizona, in collaboration with Stony Brook University and Wake Forest University School of Medicine, analyzed blood samples from two cohorts of COVID-19 patients and found that the circulation of this enzyme (secreted phospholipase A2 group IIA, or sPLA2- IIA) may be the most important factor predicting which severe COVID-19 patients will eventually die from the virus
The low concentration of sPLA2-IIA found in healthy people is similar to an active enzyme in rattlesnake venom.
Floyd (Ski) Chilton said that when active enzymes circulate at high levels, it has the ability to "shred" the membranes of vital organs
Chilton said: "This is a bell-shaped curve of disease resistance and host tolerance
Maurizio Del Poeta (Maurizio Del Poeta), a co-author of the study and a distinguished professor in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Stony Brook University School of Together, "This research has developed a new treatment program to reduce or even prevent COVID-19 mortality
Del Poeta said: "The idea of identifying potential prognostic factors in COVID-19 patients originated from Dr.
Del Poeta and his team collected stored plasma samples, began to analyze medical charts, and tracked key clinical data of 127 patients hospitalized at Stony Brook University from January to July 2020
Chilton said: "It is true that this is a small cohort, but in this case, it is a heroic effort to obtain them and all relevant clinical parameters from each patient
The research team was able to analyze thousands of patient data points using machine learning algorithms
"In this study, we were able to identify the patterns of metabolites present in the human body who died of this disease," said Justin Snider, the lead author of the study and an assistant research professor in the Department of Nutrition at the University of Arizona.
Using the same machine learning method, the researchers developed a decision tree to predict the mortality rate of COVID-19
Chilton has been studying this enzyme for more than 30 years.
The role of the sPLA2-IIA enzyme has been studied for half a century, and it "may be the most studied member of the phospholipase family," Chilton explained
.
The lead researcher of the Wake Forest University study, Charles McCall (Charles McCall), called this enzyme a "pulverizer" because it is known to be effective in severe cases such as bacterial sepsis, hemorrhagic and cardiac shock.
It is common in inflammatory events
.
Previous studies have revealed how this enzyme destroys microbial cell membranes in bacterial infections, and its genetic ancestor similar to a key enzyme found in snake venom
.
Chilton said that this protein "has a high degree of sequence homology with the active enzymes in rattlesnake venom, just like the venom flowing through the body.
It has the ability to bind to receptors at neuromuscular junctions and may make these muscles Loss of function
.
"
"About one-third of people have been infected with the new coronavirus for a long time.
Many of them were active before, but now they can’t walk 100 yards
.
The question we are studying is: If this enzyme is still relatively high and active, Is it related to the long-term COVID symptoms we are seeing?"
Journal Reference :
Justin M.
Snider, Jeehyun Karen You, Xia Wang, Ashley J.
Snider, Brian Hallmark, Manja M.
Zec, Michael C.
Seeds, Susan Sergeant, Laurel Johnstone, Qiuming Wang, Ryan Sprissler, Tara F.
Carr, Karen Lutrick, Sairam Parthasarathy, Christian Bime, Hao H.
Zhang, Chiara Luberto, Richard R.
Kew, Yusuf A.
Hannun, Stefano Guerra, Charles E.
McCall, Guang Yao, Maurizio Del Poeta, Floyd H.
Chilton.
Group IIA secreted phospholipase A2 is associated with the pathobiology leading to COVID-19 mortality .
Journal of Clinical Investigation , 2021; DOI: 10.
1172/JCI149236
University of Arizona.
"Like venom coursing through the body: Researchers identify mechanism driving COVID-19 mortality.
" ScienceDaily.
ScienceDaily, 24 August 2021.
<
University of Arizona.
(2021, August 24).
Like venom coursing through the body: Researchers identify mechanism driving COVID-19 mortality.
ScienceDaily .
Retrieved August 24, 2021 from
University of Arizona.
"Like venom coursing through the body: Researchers identify mechanism driving COVID-19 mortality.
" ScienceDaily.
(accessed August 24, 2021).