Research group of Professor Guo Wei of Shanxi University has made new progress in cancer diagnosis and immunotherapy
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Last Update: 2019-02-11
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Source: Internet
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Author: User
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Recently, Liu Jing, Zhang Hongxing, huoyingying and Miao Junfeng, young teachers of the research group of Professor Guo Wei, School of chemistry and chemical engineering, Shanxi University, have made new progress in the research of fluorescence diagnosis and immunotherapy of cancer The developed fluorescent reagents have respectively realized the selective fluorescence diagnosis of tumor cells and tissues and M1 and M2 of tumor related macrophages The results were published in Chemical Science (chem SCI., 2018, 9, 3209-3214; chem SCI., 2019, 10, 145-152) At present, cancer diagnosis methods mainly include cell and histopathological examination, gene technology, MRI, pet, SPECT and CT Due to the reasons of selectivity and sensitivity, the reliability of the above-mentioned single method for cancer diagnosis is low, which often needs to integrate several methods and combine the experience of doctors to complete the diagnosis; moreover, these technologies are not ideal for the diagnosis of early cancer with no obvious clinical symptoms Recently, Professor Guo Wei's research team developed a fluorescent reagent that can be selectively transported across the membrane by the organic anion transporter, which is based on the characteristics of high expression of organic anion transporter in cancer cells compared with normal cells With the help of biothiol in cancer cells, the reagent can simultaneously diagnose cancer cells and tissues from two fluorescent channels, green and red Its reliability has been verified in nearly ten tumor tissue sections of patients, and it is expected to be further applied to the rapid assessment of tumor boundary during operation, so as to guide surgeons to carry out accurate tumor resection (chem SCI., 2018, 9 , 3209-3214 )。 Figure 1 The study of distinguishing tumor tissue from normal tissue (source: chem SCI., 2018, 9, 3209-3214) shows that tumor-related macrophages account for about 50% of the total tumor weight, and have been domesticated by cancer cells, belonging to M2 type macrophages Unlike M1 macrophages, which have immune activity and antitumor activity, M2 macrophages can not only prevent T cells from attacking tumor cells, but also secrete growth factors to nourish tumor cells and promote tumor development At present, based on the high plasticity of macrophages, researchers are committed to develop immunotherapy potential drugs for macrophages, so as to promote the transformation of tumor related macrophages from tumor promoting M2 type to anti-tumor M1 type, and achieve cancer immunotherapy Moreover, the technology is also expected to be combined with the immunocheckpoint blockade technology to further improve the immunotherapeutic effect of cancer Recently, Professor Guo Wei's research team designed and developed a super sensitive no fluorescence probe and its mitochondrial targeting derivatives based on the characteristics of M1 macrophages that express inducible NO synthetase (iNOS) more highly than M2 macrophages, and realized the effective differentiation between M1 macrophages and M2 macrophages, and further developed a drug-induced M2 macrophages targeting M1 The transformation of M 1 macrophages and the immune response of M 1 macrophages to cancer cells have been successfully applied This study is expected to simplify and promote the screening and evaluation of immunoanticancer drugs targeting tumor-related macrophages (chem SCI., 2019, 10, 145-152) Fig 2 Differentiation of M1 and M2 macrophages and M1 macrophages' attack on cancer cells by secreting no (source: chem SCI., 2019, 10, 145-152) are strongly supported by NSFC (218770777, 21572121, 21778036 and 21502108).
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