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Research reveals Buddleia alterniflora biogeography and population history |
Buddleia alterniflora is the only important ornamental plant in the genus Buddleia of the Scrophulariaceae family with alternate leaves.
It is concentrated in the Himalayas, Hengduan Mountains and the Loess Plateau.
Widely distributed angiosperms
.
Recently, the Kunming Institute of Botany , Chinese Academy of Sciences, the comprehensive protection team of very small population wild plants, and research groups at home and abroad, have made a series of progress in the study of the distribution pattern and population history of Buddleia alterniflora
Chinese Academy of Sciences
The Himalayas, Hengduan Mountains and the Loess Plateau have significant differences in altitude, geological history, and climate environment, and they play an important role in promoting the formation of exotic species and the differentiation of populations
.
Due to soil erosion, harsh climate, and low plant abundance, the Buddleia alterniflora habitat on the Loess Plateau is severely fragmented and is included in the "List of Rare and Endangered Plants in Inner Mongolia"
In order to deeply analyze the distribution pattern, population history and genomic traces related to adaptive differentiation of Buddleia alterniflora, researchers obtained high-quality genomes of Buddleia alterniflora, 48 in the three major regions of the Himalayas, Hengduan Mountains and the Loess Plateau.
Re-sequencing of population samples and phenotype and petal reflectance data of 31 populations
.
Through comprehensive analysis of population structure, population history, ancestral population reconstruction, distance isolation, adaptive isolation testing, and niche differentiation testing, researchers have revealed the differentiation process of Buddleia alterniflora across regions and regions
The results of the study showed that Buddleia alterniflora in the three major regions formed three independent distinct branches, completing the differentiation of exotic species
.
The Buddleia alterniflora population on the Loess Plateau has formed two branches with Liupan Mountain as the boundary, but the gene flow is obvious, and it is inferred that it is in the stage of neighbouring species formation
The results of ancestral population reconstruction showed that before the current distribution pattern of Buddleia alterniflora was formed, there was no evidence that populations in the Loess Plateau spread through the Himalayas or populations in the Hengduan Mountains
.
On the contrary, it is more likely that the more widely distributed Buddleia alterniflora population has formed the current discontinuous distribution after such as the Kunlun-Yellow River orogenic movement and climatic turbulence and contraction
In addition, unlike Buddleia alterniflora, which is distributed in the Loess Plateau with severe habitat fragmentation, Buddleia alterniflora, which is distributed in the Himalayas, is distributed in the same region as the related species Buddleia variegata and Buddleia alternata
.
At the beginning of its publication, Buddleia alterniflora, based on its morphology, speculated that its origin might be a natural hybrid between Buddleia alterniflora and Buddleia cristatum
In order to verify the hybrid origin hypothesis of Buddleja and analyze the reproductive isolation characteristics of the parent species, the researchers collected materials from 2 hybrid areas and 4 pure parent populations and performed 7 gene fragments and 10 phenotypic traits.
Comprehensive analysis
.
In addition, in order to detect the differences in the hybridization compatibility between the parents, the researchers conducted artificial cross-pollination experiments on the parents introduced in the Kunming Botanical Garden
Related paper information:
https://nph.
https:// bmcplantbiol.
https:// bmcplantbiol.
biomedcentral.
com/articles /10.
1186 /s12870-021-02909-7
Buddleia alterniflora ( Photo courtesy of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences )
Buddleia alterniflora ( photo courtesy of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences ) Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences