Reveal the chromosomal 3D structure of mature sperm and eggs in mammals.

In collaboration with the Liu Jiang Research Group of the Beijing Genomics Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Huang Line Xu Research Group of Shanghai University of Science and Technology, the results of which revealed the chromosomal 3D structure of mature sperm and eggs in mammals and the reprogramming of chromosomal structure during early embryonic development were published in the international journal Cell in the early hours of July 14, Beijing time.
The number of mammalian matchers and early embryos was very limited, so the team first solved the problem of using a small number of cells to create a 3D chromosome structure map, resulting in high-resolution high-resolution chromosomal structure maps of mouse sperm, eggs, and early embryos.
researchers further found that mature eggs do not have a topological domain, and ultra-remote chromosome interactions are common in sperm.
structure of chromosomes in fertilized eggs and 2-cell embryos is almost non-existent, and as development progresses, the advanced structure of chromosomes is gradually established.
, the establishment of advanced structures of chromosomes does not depend on the activation of transcription of fertilized egg genomes, but on the replication of genomes.
addition, this study also found for the first time the association between the advanced structure of chromosomes and DNA methylation, and found that early development of DNA denuclearization is also associated with the advanced structure of chromosomes.
This study provides an important basis for understanding how mammals develop from fertilized eggs into a multi-functional individual, and paves the way for understanding the real 3D genome structure in early embryos, and the high-resolution chromosomal high-resolution structure map data for early embryonic development of lactating cells will provide valuable resources for egediotic and bioinfossive research to help reveal the mysteries of embryonic development.
if the human DNA is pulled into a straight line, the length is about 2 meters, but the diameter of the general nucleus is only about 5 to 10 microns.
so how genome DNA folds properly into the nuclei of cells is a very important scientific issue.
existing research shows that the three-dimensional spatial folding of genomic DNA plays a very important role in how the nucleus directs cell function.
for most animals, including humans, life begins with a combination of sperm and eggs.
however, the cell nuclei of sperm and the nuclei structure of eggs are very different from other sotic cells in our bodies.
Sperm cell nucleus is very small, only about 1/10 of ordinary cell nucleus, chromosomes are packaged by sperm protein, in a highly compressed state, while mature egg nucleus is in the middle of division, chromosomes are also in a highly compressed state, and most cells are still very different.
so how chromosomes in the nucleus change and become normal cell chromosomes after sperm and egg fertilization is a scientific question that has not been known.
, understanding changes in the advanced structure of chromosomes during mammalian development is helpful in understanding how humans develop from fertilized eggs into individuals.
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