Safety awareness of organic peroxides and nitrogen oxides

1.

A comprehensive understanding of the explosion hazards of organic peroxides and oxychlorides is required

To measure the explosion hazard of peroxides and nitrogen oxides, and their target products (peroxides or nitrogen oxides), there are two empirical parameters for reference, one is the peroxide ratio, and the other is the exothermic enthalpy change.

1) Peroxygen ratio

This book will define a new term "peroxygen ratio" here

In the formula, n represents the number of peroxy groups or nitroxyl groups; M represents the molecular weight

This ratio is usually used to consider the explosiveness of organic peroxides

2) blast energy ratio

The explosive energy ratio refers to the exothermic decomposition energy (kJ/mol) of an explosive molecule divided by the molecular weight, which is measured by the exothermic enthalpy change △H

There is a direct linear relationship between the peroxygen ratio and the explosive energy ratio, and it is proportional

Persulfuric acid and its salt or double salt (such as potassium hydrogen persulfate compound salt) are both peroxides because they contain peroxide (-O-O-)

The explosive hazard of ammonia compounds comes from the energetic group-the nitrogen-oxygen bond, which has not been paid attention to before, but has gradually been paid attention to because of the occurrence of many explosion accidents

Some pyridines, pyrimidines, azines and other chloroheteroaromatic rings form a large n bond with a benzene-like structure

Pyridine nitrogen atom may be hydrogen peroxide or peroxy acids oxidized to form oxynitride pyridine compound (also referred to as the pyridine nitrogen oxides, oxides -N- pyridine, N- pyridine oxide, oxynitride pyridine, pyridine oxide and the like), the expression There are the following types:

N-oxide pyridine is usually only used as an important transitional intermediate

Usually use H ₂ O ₂ /HOAc system or m-CPBA oxidation

Related Links: Azide Reagents and Reactions Participated (5)