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    Home > SCI. Transal. Med.: "the strongest carcinogen" aristolochic acid is also an important inducer of HCC

    SCI. Transal. Med.: "the strongest carcinogen" aristolochic acid is also an important inducer of HCC

    • Last Update: 2017-10-21
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Many traditional herbal medicines contain aristolochic acid (AA) In the past, studies have found that AA is related to renal failure and even urinary tract cancer in some patients In view of the toxicity of this compound, some countries and regions have restricted or banned the use of herbs containing AA, but these herbs are still common on the Internet Through the analysis of a large number of samples from Taiwan and other regions in Asia, it is proved that aristolochic acid is also an important inducer of HCC Aristolochic acid containing drugs, which can increase the risk of various cancers such as liver cancer, are still very common in Asia, especially in the mainland and Taiwan Previously, Professor Steve Rozen of Duke University School of medicine has identified a "gene fingerprint" of aristolochic acid after exposure through DNA sequencing technology, which paves the way for a new method of detecting aristolochic acid in human body and environment They confirmed that the fingerprints were able to identify cancers caused by aristolochic acid exposure, not other carcinogens Furthermore, it was found that aristolochic acid is the strongest carcinogen so far, which is more likely to cause DNA mutation than smoking or ultraviolet irradiation; besides renal failure and a kind of renal cancer, aristolochic acid can also cause stem cell carcinoma (HCC) Global distribution of the proportion of aristolochic acid-induced liver cancer (source: Science Translational Medicine) Recently, researchers examined 98 liver cancer pathological samples from two hospitals in Taiwan, and found that 78% of patients showed cancer "may be related to aristolochic acid exposure"; 89 liver cancer samples from mainland China, 47% of patients; 5 of 26 tumor samples from Vietnam (19%), 56% of 9 from other countries in Southeast Asia; 209 from North America 4.8% of liver cancer samples were matched, and only 1.7% of 230 samples in Europe matched the mutation characteristics of AA It is suggested that this distribution is probably related to the application of traditional Chinese herbal medicine Aristolochic acid, a kind of organic compounds, is naturally found in Aristolochia and asarum, which have been widely used as original medicinal materials In addition, aristolochic acid is also found in butterflies that depend on this kind of plants When aristolochic acid enters the human body, it will enter the blood through the digestive system and circulate in the whole body Its metabolite, Da AAI, is a DNA adduct, so aristolochic acid is a very strong mutagen What's more, the combination is abnormal and stable It has been proved that after 20 years of ingestion of aristolochic acid plants, the metabolites of aristolochic acid can still be found by biopsy More specific carcinogenic mechanism has not been studied thoroughly, but some studies have shown that it may lead to the deactivation of tumor suppressor gene TP53 in human body, so that cancer cells can be unscrupulously expanded The toxicity of traditional Chinese medicine is quite sensitive Some people think that it is very toxic and must be taken seriously Some people think that traditional Chinese medicine is used in combination with compound prescription Toxicity is the basis of effectiveness In fact, many drugs are also toxic, and it is not necessarily impossible to use them It is always right to have an accurate understanding of the toxicity of the compounds contained in the medicinal materials Many traditional Chinese medicines do contain effective ingredients, which should be used, but the relatively rational approach is to take the path of natural medicine: extract effective ingredients, through clinical verification, determine the effect and side effects Chinese herbal medicines and preparations containing aristolochic acid 1 There are 33 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines containing aristolochic acid recorded in Pharmacopoeia of the people's Republic of China: aristolochic (root of Aristolochia grandis), aristolochic (fruit of Aristolochia or Aristolochia Aristolochia), tianxianteng (aboveground part of Aristolochia or Aristolochia PEI), Guanmutong (Cane of Aristolochia northeast) and qingmuxiang (root of Aristolochia Aristolochia) Those not included in the collection but used by the folk or doctors in some areas are: bone seeking wind, cinnabarin, huaitong, nanmuxiang, guannanxiang, qingxiangteng, tongchenghu, nosebleed thunder, pseudocassava, platinum ancient olive, Hanzhong Fangji, heterophyllous Aristolochia, guannanxiang, Guangxi Aristolochia, butterfly dark Xiao, pink flower Aristolochia, radish Fangji, Simao Aristolochia, Golden Lion vine, soft horse Douling, Baijin Guolan, Baijie Aristolochia, big leaf and green wood fragrance, back snake health, Hainan Aristolochia, aomai Aristolochia, Western Sichuan Aristolochia, color changing Aristolochia There are totally 89 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine preparations 2 56 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine preparations are included in the Pharmacopoeia of the people's Republic of China: twenty five kinds of Songshi pills, Shixiang Huisheng pills, Dahuang Qingwei pills, xiaoerjindan tablets, Zhike Huatan pills, fenqing Wulin pills, Longdan Xiegan pills, Anyang refined cream, Daochi pills, fufu fenqing pills, Chunyang Zhengqi pills, Guanxinsuhe pills, Paishi granules and Dida pills Not included in the Pharmacopoeia, but also in use: Compound Pearl acne tablet, deafness pill, H number, breast milk Ling Granule, Qinglin granule, shengruling, tracheitis cough tanchuan pill, Bufei donkey hide gelatin soup, Zixue, Suhexiang pill, Weirui decoction, Aristolochia extract solution, Banxia cough syrup, fei'an tablet, Aristolochia root flow extract, Niudan cough tablet, kebiting 2 Tablet No.1, snake medicine injection No.2, Fufang baomazi tablet No.1 (II), qingmuxiang injection, zhushalian eye drops, zhushalian ointment, zhushalian ear drops, dandelion mixture, qingmuxiangliu extract, Liqi Shugan granules, Mutong injection (I), Dijin syrup, Lvxue, Qufengzhitong injection, Qubi liquor, Rhododendron syrup, Huichun tablet, zhiligan syrup, Weitong capsule Granule powder, xunguifeng injection (II), Weitong liquor, turtle dove's nest syrup, Erlian tablet, houliqing tablet, cinnabarin injection and compound iron amaranth injection Paper link: http://stm.sciencemag.org/content/9/412/ean6446
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