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    Home > Active Ingredient News > Antitumor Therapy > Science: 1000-plus tumor samples study shows that bacteria lurking in cancer cells could provide new ways to treat cancer

    Science: 1000-plus tumor samples study shows that bacteria lurking in cancer cells could provide new ways to treat cancer

    • Last Update: 2020-06-05
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    Introduction: Cancer cells are a haven for bacteriaThe findings come from a rigorous study of more than 1,000 different human cancer tumor samplesThe study, led by researchers at Israel's Weizmann Institute of Science, found that bacteria exist in all types of cancer, from brain to bone cancer to breast cancer, and have even found unique bacterial populations in each type of cancerStudies have shown that understanding the relationship between cancer cells and their "micromicromicrogroup" may help predict the potential effectiveness of certain treatments, or may use these bacteria to enhance future anticancer treatmentsThe results of the study were published in the journal ScienceBackgroundtumors are complex ecosystems, in addition to cancer cells, immune cells, matrix cells, blood vessels, nerves, and many other components, also known as part of the tumor microenvironmentThe study, like other laboratory studies, clearly proves that bacteria are also part of the tumor's microenvironmentThey hope that by finding a way to find a way to perfectly fit the general cancer ecosystem, new ways to treat cancer can be foundAlthough previous studies have shown that bacteria and other microorganisms may appear on the surface of tumors, little research has been done on microbes present in tumor cells, especially for cancers that occur in relatively "sterile" environmentsa few years ago, DrRavid Straussman of the Department of Molecular Cell Biology at the Weizmann Institute of Science discovered bacteria lurking in cancer cells in the human pancreasThey can protect cancer cells from chemotherapy drugs by "digesting" and inactivating themWhile other studies have found bacteria in cancer cells, Straussman and his team believe that this may not be an exception, but rather a patternteams have to overcome several challenges in order to get resultsFirst, the number of bacteria in the tumor sample was relatively small, and researchers had to find ways to focus on these tiny intracellular cells They must also eliminate any possible external pollution research process
    to study these microbiomes more closely, the team turned to 16S ribosome gene sequencing and quantitative PCR to identify and quantify bacteria present in 1,010 tumor samples and more than 500 nearnormal tissue samples Samples were collected from patients at nine medical centers, and the researchers focused on 528 bacteria found in tumors in their analysis use a single platform to explore multiple tumor types so that they can compare different tumor types and reveal microbial characteristics specific to cancer types Even so, they point out that although the cellular levels vary widely, some tumor environments are enriched by the functionality of common related bacteria they used immunohistochemistry experiments, fluorescent insiticity hybridization of 16S rRNA targeted probes, and other pathological methods to show that most of the microorganisms identified in tumor samples were bacteria in the nest and bacteria in immune cells, a finding supported by subsequent studies of four freshly collected breast tumor samples results the team was able to grow bacteria directly from human breast tumors, and their results proved that the bacteria found in those tumors were still alive Electron microscope observations of these bacteria show that they prefer to nest at specific locations inside cancer cells ( near the nucleus) team also reported that bacteria can be found not only in cancer cells, but also in immune cells inside the tumor Some of these bacteria may enhance the anti-cancer immune response, while others may inhibit it This finding may be particularly relevant to understanding the effectiveness of certain immunotherapy therapies Indeed, when the team compared the bacteria in the melanoma sample, they found that those that responded to immunotherapy were rich in bacteria compared to those with poor immune responses eventually, the team conducted a detailed study to characterize the bacteria living with these cancers in high resolution - brain, bone, breast, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, colorectal and melanoma They found that each type of cancer, from the brain to the bone, had bacteria, and different types of cancer had different types of bacteria However, breast cancer has the largest number and type of bacteria The team showed that more bacteria could be found in breast tumors than in the normal breast tissue surrounding these tumors, and that some bacteria were found in the tumor tissue rather than in the surrounding normal tissue the limitations of the study
    the study data do not determine whether the bacteria in the tumor are caused by the development of cancer, or whether their presence only reflects the infection of the infected tumor However, it makes sense to further explore the possible role of bacteria in tumors, the different phenotypes of cancer cells, the immune system and their interactionwith with tumor cells although the metabolic capacity of bacteria in the tumor-related microbiome appears to provide clues to the clinical characteristics of tumors, including a range of smoking-related features in non-small cell lung cancer But the team cautions that further work is needed to identify and clarify this potential interaction research this study may explain why some bacteria, like cancer cells, have their own typical microbiome: the difference is clearly due to the choice of amenities offered in each tumor cell environment That is, bacteria can rely on certain tumor types to produce or store certain metabolites in a particular tumor type For example, when the team compared smokers with bacteria found in lung tumors in never smokers, they found differences When the researchers compared the genes of the two types of bacteria, the differences were even more pronounced: the bacteria in the lung cancer cells of smokers had more genes that metabolized nicotine, toluene, phenol and other chemicals in cigarette smoke In addition to suggesting that some of the most common cancers mask unique bacterial populations in their cells, the researchers also believe that the methods they have developed to identify the characteristic microbiome of each type of cancer can now be used to answer some of the key questions about the role of these bacteria: Are bacteria "eating white food" in the remaining metabolites of cancer cells? Or to serve the cells? At what stage will they settle down? How do they promote or hinder the growth of cancer? How do they affect various cancer treatments? a comprehensive understanding of the microenvironment of tumors is a difficult and critical step towards a whole-organism mechanism for cancer development, and if successful, it could open up the next wave of accurate cancer diagnosis and treatment
    This article is an English version of an article which is originally in the Chinese language on echemi.com and is provided for information purposes only. This website makes no representation or warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, as to the accuracy, completeness ownership or reliability of the article or any translations thereof. If you have any concerns or complaints relating to the article, please send an email, providing a detailed description of the concern or complaint, to service@echemi.com. A staff member will contact you within 5 working days. Once verified, infringing content will be removed immediately.

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