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    Home > Science heavyweight: major breakthrough in electrolyte research, lithium battery can operate efficiently at - 60 ℃!

    Science heavyweight: major breakthrough in electrolyte research, lithium battery can operate efficiently at - 60 ℃!

    • Last Update: 2017-06-20
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    A major breakthrough in the field of electrolyte chemistry has been published in the latest issue of Science: for the first time, American scientists have used liquefied gas instead of electrolyte to make lithium batteries and supercapacitors operate efficiently at - 60 ℃ and - 80 ℃ respectively The new technology not only improves the mileage of single charge electric vehicle in cold winter, but also provides electric energy for UAV, satellite, interstellar detector, etc In the new study, they selected two kinds of liquefied gases from a large number of gas candidates, namely, fluoromethane and difluoromethane, to make the electrolyte of lithium battery and super capacitor respectively, so that the lowest working temperature of lithium battery can be extended from - 20 ℃ to - 60 ℃, and the working temperature of super capacitor can be extended from - 40 ℃ to - 80 ℃ Moreover, these electrolytes can still work efficiently after returning to normal room temperature In addition to the record of low temperature operation, these gaseous electrolytes also overcome the common thermal runaway problems in lithium batteries, and have more safety advantages Thermal runaway is a vicious cycle of heat in battery When the battery is working, the temperature will rise and a series of chemical reactions will be started The heat generated by these reactions in turn will further heat the battery and cause the battery to expand and destroy However, when the gas electrolyte is higher than room temperature, it will start a natural shutdown mechanism, which will make the battery lose its conductivity and stop working, so as to prevent the battery from overheating The latest research also overcomes another challenge of short charge and discharge life of lithium battery Because of its light weight and the ability to store more charges, lithium metal is recognized as the ultimate electrode material, but lithium will react with traditional electrolyte, forming a needle like protrusion on the electrode surface, separating the battery and causing short circuit, resulting in too few charge and discharge times The new electrolyte will not form protuberance, which greatly extends the battery life The next step, the researchers say, is to achieve the goal of lithium batteries operating at lower temperatures (- 100 ℃), providing new power technologies for Mars exploration and even deep space exploration devices such as Jupiter and Saturn.
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