Science reveals new mechanism for immune T-cells to recognize dangers, refreshing 20 years of cognition

We know that T-cells are an important guardian of the immune system and are active in the front line of the fight against pathogensNot only do they protect us from bacteria and viruses, they also effectively attack cancer cellsSo if we can figure out how these cells identify dangerous molecules in the body, it could lead to better anti-infection or anti-cancer therapiesin the current mainstream model, T-cells identify potential threats through surface "T-cell receptors" (TCr)For example, when viruses and bacteria infect the body, their surface-specific proteins are installed on a structure called the Main Tissue Compatibility Complex (MHC), which can be identified by T cellsIt's like copying hundreds of thousands of portraits of suspects and distributing them to grass-roots case officersTo recognize what these suspects look like, the police arrest will be more handyIn the existing mainstream model of, MHC and TCR will be "head-to-head" in combination (Photo: Cecilia Tejero Garc?a (CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0))past, we know more about alpha beta T cell receptorsT-cell receptors are believed to bind to MHC or MHC-like molecules in a "head-to-head" manner to identify specific signals from pathogensIn this study, the scientists focused on the relatives of these receptors, the gamma-T cell receptorsspecific, the researchers obtained a three-dimensional structure of the gamma-T cell receptor when it binds to a molecule similar to MHCSurprisingly, some receptors bind not the top of the molecule, but the bottom! One of the study's co-authors, DrJ?r?me Le Nours, makes an graphic metaphor: "Imagine that (the MHC molecule) is like a flag on a cell." We always thought the T-cell would sit on top of the flagpole and read the message on the flagBut we found that some T-cells bind to the bottom first"
some receptors of T-cells will first bind to the bottom of MHC-like molecules (Photo: Source: Supplied, 1)researchers believe this unusual recognition system could help us understand how TCR binds to the target moleculeGiven that T-cells are an important weapon in the body's fight against disease, these insights promise to lead to more effective therapiesSince the gamma-T cells also play a role in the fight against cancer, existing anti-cancer immunotherapy also has the opportunity to be further enhancedits official news, researchers will dig further into the mechanism to try to apply it to the treatment of the diseaseReferences:(2019), A class of the gencell sings of the body of the underside of the antigen-presenting molecule MR1, Science, DOI: 10.1126/science.aav3900s https://2? Science reveals new mechanism for immune T-cells to identify dangers