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This article is the original of Translational Medicine Network, please indicate the source of reprinting
Written by Sophia
Pancreatic cancer, a particularly aggressive pancreatic cancer, is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, which has an expected survival of less than six months and is known
as the "king of cancer".
Features of the disease that are difficult to treat include its ability to suppress the immune system and its complex location and structure, which complicates
the implementation of surgery and chemotherapy.
A team of Virginia Tech researchers studied
a bacterium found in pancreatic cancer tumors.
The research team found that this bacterium can metastasize into pancreatic cancer tumors, which may help guide future treatments
for pancreatic cancer.
The bacterium, called Fusobacterium nucleotensians, may play a key role
in the aggressive growth of cancer and in the movement of the whole body.
The findings were published Oct.
18 in Science Signaling
.
style="box-sizing: border-box;" _msthash="251139" _msttexthash="381004">Research background
01
With further research, the tumor microbiome is increasingly linked
to cancer progression and resistance to chemotherapy.
In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a high intratumoral burden on Fusobacterium nucleata is associated
with shorter survival.
So a team at Virginia Tech investigated the underlying mechanisms of
this association.
Because this microorganism is a common oral bacteria, it is often used to study its relationship
with oral diseases such as periodontitis and gingivitis.
But little
is known about how microbes enter and adapt to life in the tumor microenvironment, thereby increasing the aggressiveness of cancer growth.
Cancer studies have confirmed the microbe's presence in pancreatic cancer, leading Verbridge and his team to wonder if the bacteria might also activate tumor migration
in the pancreas.
"The tumor microbiome can influence cancer progression, so our goal is to better understand the role of
these bacteria in cancer," Udayasuryan said.
It wasn't until early 2022 that the tumor microbiome was recognized as a marker
of cancer.
Cancer biology and infection biology are often thought of as separate fields of study, but the recent merger of the two has revealed fundamental insights
into cancer progression.
Our research focus is at the forefront of this emerging paradigm, which is to study something
unprecedented.
”
The study found
02
When first analyzing the migration of infected pancreatic cancer cells, the researchers encountered an unexpected obstacle: They found that the number of cells migrating was difficult to quantify because the total number seemed to greatly exceed the number
of cells they expected to find in the system.
Using in vitro tumor microarray models, Verbridge and his team confirmed that the microbe can bind to and invade pancreatic cancer cells, then secreting molecules
that stimulate cancer cells to accelerate their growth.
This finding explains why the team saw more
cells in their experiments than they expected.
And it also allowed them to identify the increased
migration of infected cells.
In another important finding, they found that the microbe can infect non-tumor normal pancreatic tissue cells
.
When normal cells are infected in their experiments, they continue to grow normally; However, its presence stimulates nearby cancer cells to grow and spread
faster.
This new insight expands current thinking
about non-cancer cells in and around tumor cells and how cancer spreads so aggressively.
Any cell infected by a microbe may be more likely to develop cancer cell growth or even metastasis at some later time, which is how
most cancers end up killing their hosts.
Research implications
03
With an understanding of how bacteria in tumors affect cancer growth and spread, scientists can design more effective chemotherapy or immunotherapies
.
These results also help develop diagnostic and prognostic tools to help detect cancer
early.
"While we have demonstrated that F.
nucleatum can drive pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and migration, it is not yet known to what extent these results can translate to living systems or human patients, and the next steps will be important work in the future, ultimately telling us whether this knowledge will lead to more effective therapies
tailored to the patient's own microbial composition.
" Host-microbiome interactions are complex because many bacterial populations actually support human health and have been shown to improve the efficacy
of cancer treatment.
”
Resources:
https://medicalxpress.
com/news/2022-10-bacteria-pancreatic-cancer-cells.
html
style="white-space: normal;box-sizing: border-box;" _msthash="251157" _msttexthash="19521346">Note: This article is intended to introduce the progress of medical research and cannot be used as a reference
for treatment options.
If you need health guidance, please go to a regular hospital
.
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