Scientific Reports: Is it delicious and anti-aging?

Aging is a key risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases.
It causes a gradual process of neurological or immune system dysfunction and degeneration, leading to cognitive impairment
.

Many studies have studied the specific mechanisms of aging , among which d-galactose is one of the sources of inducing animal aging

, Of which d-galactose

The protective mechanism of cocoa in the aging model is unclear
.

This is the first study of the protective effect of cocoa in a d-galactose-induced aging model

D-galactose-induced senescence This study observed the oxidative stress induced by d-galactose and the protective effects of cocoa powder on oxidative stress, cholinergic damage and apoptosis

1.

There was no significant difference in initial body weight among the four groups

Note: C: control group; G: d-galactose induced aging group; LC: d-galactose injection plus 10% cocoa powder mixed feed; HC: d-galactose injection and 16% cocoa powder mixed feed

Note: C: control group; G: d-galactose induced aging group; LC: d-galactose injection plus 10% cocoa powder mixed feed; HC: d-galactose injection and 16% cocoa powder mixed feed C: Control group; G: d-galactose induced aging group; LC: d-galactose injection plus 10% cocoa powder mixed feed; HC: d-galactose injection and 16% cocoa powder mixed feed

2.
The protective effect of cocoa on oxidative stress in serum, liver and brain

2.
The protective effect of cocoa on oxidative stress in serum, liver and brain

Compared with group C, the levels of serum MDA and AGEs in group G were significantly higher
.

The serum MDA levels of the LC group and the HC group were significantly lower than that of the G group (p<0.

(P (p (p

3.
Cocoa can improve brain cholinergic system damage

3.
Cocoa can improve brain cholinergic system damage

The acetylcholinesterase activity is
measured to assess cholinergic system damage .

Compared with the C group, the acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain tissue of the G group was significantly increased, while the LC and HC groups were significantly decreased ( p<0.

The acetylcholinesterase activity is

4.
Cocoa's effect on brain antioxidant enzymes

4.
Cocoa's effect on brain antioxidant enzymes

Western blot detects antioxidant enzymes such as SOD1, CAT and GPx1 (Figure 5)
.

In the G group, the SOD1 protein expression level was the lowest

Western blot detects antioxidant enzymes such as SOD1, CAT and GPx1 (Figure 5)

5.
The neuroprotective effect of cocoa on PI3K/Akt-mediated Caspase-3 pathway in the brain

5.
The neuroprotective effect of cocoa on the PI3K/Akt-mediated Caspase-3 pathway in the brain The neuroprotective effect of cocoa on the PI3K/Akt-mediated Caspase-3 pathway in the brain

PI3K and Akt act as anti-apoptotic signal molecules to regulate cell survival
.
PI3K did not have any significant difference between the study groups.
However, compared with the G group, the phosphorylated Akt/Akt ratio of the LC group and the HC group was significantly increased (p=0.
044); the LC, HC, and C groups showed similar levels
.
Compared with the G group, procaspase-3 in the LC and HC groups also showed a similar increasing trend, and the expression levels of the LC and HC groups were similar to the C group (p = 0.
001)
.

PI3K and Akt act as anti-apoptotic signal molecules to regulate cell survival
.
PI3K did not have any significant difference between the study groups.
However, compared with the G group, the phosphorylated Akt/Akt ratio of the LC group and the HC group was significantly increased (p=0.
044); the LC, HC, and C groups showed similar levels
.
Compared with the G group, procaspase-3 in the LC and HC groups also showed a similar increasing trend, and the expression levels of the LC and HC groups were similar to the C group (p = 0.
001)
.
PI3K and Akt act as anti-apoptotic signal molecules to regulate cell survival
.
PI3K did not have any significant difference between the study groups.
However, compared with the G group, the phosphorylated Akt/Akt ratio of the LC group and the HC group was significantly increased (p=0.
044); the LC, HC, and C groups showed similar levels
.
Compared with the G group, procaspase-3 in the LC and HC groups also showed a similar increasing trend, and the expression levels of the LC and HC groups were similar to the C group (p = 0.
001)
.

In summary, this study shows that d-galactose can induce oxidative damage, cholinergic damage and apoptosis
.
This study is based on the hypothesis of the protection mechanism of cocoa beans (Figure 7)
.
Eating cocoa beans can improve the damage caused by d-galactose in SD rats, activate the Akt-mediated caspase-3 pathway and the expression of CAT in the brain, and inactivate acetylcholinesterase
.
Therefore, this study suggests that cocoa powder may be an effective drug candidate as a therapeutic target for healthy brain aging
.

In summary, this study shows that d-galactose can induce oxidative damage, cholinergic damage and apoptosis
.
This study is based on the hypothesis of the protection mechanism of cocoa beans (Figure 7)
.
Eating cocoa beans can improve the damage caused by d-galactose in SD rats, activate the Akt-mediated caspase-3 pathway and the expression of CAT in the brain, and inactivate acetylcholinesterase
.
Acetylcholinesterase Therefore, this study suggests that cocoa powder may be an effective drug candidate as a therapeutic target for healthy aging of the brain
.

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