Scientists have discovered important genes that increase the number and yield of rice

the 1950s and 1960s, breeders used "dwarf genes" to improve crop strains such as rice and wheat to cultivate high-yielding species, known as the "Green Revolution". Although the "green revolution" brought high-yielding strains, scientists do not know exactly what determines this complex and yield-determining nature.
recently, a team led by Qian Qian, Li Jiayang, a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Xiong Guosheng, a researcher at the Shenzhen Agricultural Genome Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, published their latest research online at Molecular Plant. They found a companion gene, HTD1, to a rice
gene, which can effectively increase the number and yield of rice. This is also the first report on how the favorable all-position variation of the one-footed gold esters synthesis gene was selected and widely used in the rice green revolution, which provided a very important theoretical and guiding significance for the molecular design and breeding of stable and wide-adaptable rice varieties.
, Qian Qian, told China Science daily that plant strains are a very complex agro-features and are one of the main factors affecting crop yields. The yield of crops can be significantly increased through the improvement of plant types, such as plant height, number of splits and number of spike grains. Plant strains are affected by a variety of hormones and are difficult for breeding research.
the "Green Revolution" is the IR8 cultivated by the International Rice Research Institute in 1967, which successfully solves the food problem in Southeast Asia and is known as miracle rice. Miracle rice IR8 dwarf rod anti-fall, at the same time, a lot of slugs, very stable yield and high yield, the genes that control these two personality traits are from different rice plants.
, IR8 is bred by the small, strong pro-ben low-footed black tip and the tall and lush pro-Ben Pitay. Taiwan rice varieties with low-footed uterine tip with the control of dwarf rod nature of the favorable allied gene SD1
, while Pitay contains the one-footed gold nesteride allied gene HTD1
. In the process of IR8 cultivation, the two were jointly selected and fixed, complement each other, and realized the best combination of low rod resistance and lushness, and promoted the stable yield of rice varieties.
study found that China's super rice parent species Hua Zhan also contains a single-footed gold ester synthesis gene of the new allele HTD1
.
Yuexing, the first author of the paper and an associate researcher at the China Rice Research Institute, told the China Science Daily that one of the characteristics of China's largest share is that there are more stems and branches, and stable yield is good. With more than 300 varieties bred on the father's behalf, a series of super rice combinations have promoted the renewal of a new round of hybrid rice varieties, which has good results in production.
research team further found that China's large-scale promotion of the double laurel, Minghua 63 and other representative varieties, are carrying the HTD1
gene, control the characteristics of the dwarf is the favorable allethroid gene is SD1
. This shows that in the breeding process of modern indica varieties, both genes are selected and widely used by breeders at the same time.
paper information: