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Scientists in the United States and Canada have discovered that an enzyme acts as a "removal planner" during the development of red blood cells, marking unwanted proteins for removal and turning cells into highly specialized mature red blood cells.
discovery will help the medical community develop new ways to treat blood diseases and cancer.
researchers at Harvard Medical School and others report in the American journal Science that the enzyme, called UBE2O, is a key factor in the differentiation of red blood cells, and that lack of it can lead to anemia.
red blood cells are one of the most concise cells in mammals, consisting mainly of hemoglobin, and the rest are extremely thin to transport oxygen as efficiently as possible.
hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow differentiate into semi-mature mesh red blood cells, and when the latter is about to mature, a large molecule called proteases removes unwanted proteins.
high levels of UBE2O enzyme in net-woven red blood cells, large-scale protein analysis showed that the enzyme was labeled with a small molecular protein, Ubigen, to mark the target to be removed.
proteases to look for and bind to ubitin labels for demolition.
this "ubiquine-protease system" is the main mechanism by which organisms clean up proteins, and new research confirms for the first time that it affects red blood cell differentiation and confirms that UBE2O enzymes play a central role in it.
experiments have shown that if the mutation of the gene causes the UBE2O enzyme level to be low, the useless protein in the mesh red blood cells will be preserved in large quantities, can not achieve specialization, with this gene mutation in the experimental mice will show anemia symptoms.
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