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    Home > Medical News > Medical World News > Scientists successfully map the first human heart neurons 3-D

    Scientists successfully map the first human heart neurons 3-D

    • Last Update: 2020-06-15
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    In a recent study published in the international journal iScience entitled "A Comprehensive Integrated Analytics And Molecular Atlas Rat Rat Intrinsic Cardiac Nervous System", scientists from Thomas Jefferson University and other institutions mapped the first 3-D map of neurons in the human heart; the normal function of the body's heart is maintained by the body's control center, the brain, through a very complex neural network, which can trigger heart attacks when this "communication" is disturbedAs an additional layer of safety, the heart has its own "small brain", called the nervous system within the heart (ICN, intracardiacnervous system), which monitors and corrects any obstacles in the communication processICN is important to support heart health, and it can even protect the heart muscle from damage in the event of a heart attack, but it's not clear how ICN works because researchers don't know how the neurons that make up ICN are organized, where they are in the heart, how they connect to each other and what their molecular properties areIn the study, researchers answered these questions in unprecedented detail through researchResearcher Dr James Schwaber said that ICN is a gap between our understanding of neurology and cardiology, and that our goal is to fill that gap by providing an anatomical structure of ICN; in addition, the brain is the only organ with such a detailed, high-resolution 3-D map that the researchers have created the first comprehensive road map of the heart's nervous system that other researchers can use as a reference to answer a range of questions about the function, physiology, and connectivity of different neurons in ICNUsing the technology and expertise of different research groups and industry partners, the researchers eventually developed a two-pronged approach, one of which was to use a new imaging technique called KSEM, Knife-Edge Scanning Microscopy, which could help researchers build the entire rodent heartThe -D model, the first case of the technique used in heart studies, is to sample and analyze individual neurons using a technique called LaserCapture Microcutting (LaserCapture Microsissection, LCM), while mapping their position in the heart's 3-D structureUnlike the brain, the heart is asymmetric, the researchers say, so they have to find a way to maintain the consistency of the processed heart; the 3-D map reveals the complex properties of ICN to date, and the researchers found that the neurons that make up ICN are present in a series of clusters at the bottom (top) of the heart, where the heart's veins and arteries move in and out, and extend to the left atrium of the heart, closer to certain key heart structures, such as sinusResearcher Jonathan Gorky said: 'We all know that sinus knots play an important role in producing heart rate and maintaining rhythm, and we've long wondered whether we can see the presence of neurons around them, and it's interesting to see the relationship between icN function and the precise distribution of neurons and the anatomy of the heart.' Gene expression analysis of a single neuron also points to previously unknown molecular identity or phenotype diversity, and now researchers have identified a variety of different types of neuromodulation factors and receptors, meaning that the body's heart contains not only neurons that can turn on or off the activity, but also neurons that regulate ICN activityWhen the researchers compared the hearts of males and female rats, they found that there may be gender differences in the way neurons are organized in spatial and genetic expression, which may help them explain why there are differences in the risk of heart disease in men and women, and researcher Moss says we are now trying to create a 3-D model of the inner nervous system of the pig's heart (because it is anatomically closer to the human heart) to further explore the problemThe research project is part of the NIH Research Project (SPARC), which aims to promote the development of therapeutic devices that regulate the electrical activity of the body to improve organ function, and about 30 years ago researchers found that peripheral nerves such as vagus nerves are important to body organs such as the heart, stimulating these nerve tissues and even treating certain human diseases; 'Now that we know the relationship between neurons and the structure of the heart, we can ask the question, is it going to have an effect on stimulating an unknown or selective stimulus to a particular neuron,' said researcher VadigepalliThe researchers are pleased that the processes/strategies they have developed can now be used by other research groups in the SPARC research project, which uses day-to-day experimental materials and techniques that are highly replicable and have other organ systems that can map not only neuronal maps but also other microstructuresUltimately, the researchers hope to create a 3-D map (health and disease status) for the human heart, and they also lay the groundwork for more in-depth research later in lifeRelated: Sirisha Achanta, Jonathan Gorky, Clara Leung, et alA Comprehensive Integrated Analytica and Molecular Atlas of Rat Intrinsic SNervous System, iScience (2020) doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101140 2 The First 3-D map of the heart's neurons from Bio Valley, for more information
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