Sensing Science - The previous life of sensors.

The previous life of sensor development? Since the birth of the sensor, it is closely related to human life, it is implicit in a variety of products and technologies embedded and applied and gradually penetrate into human life, has become an indispensable part of the terminal equipment.
over time, the Rapid Development of the Internet Age, although sensors began to combine with the Internet of Things to form an intelligent synergy.
but people suddenly found that the sensor market is still in a small state, the domestic big brands chat little, in many cases still rely on imports and other dilemmas.
at the just-concluded 2019 Chongqing Smart Expo China Smart Expo Sensor and Internet of Things Summit Forum, a number of experts gathered to discuss the changes in the sensor industry.
This paper will review the development of sensors from both technical and industrial perspectives, and through interviews and discussions with experts, analyze future industry trends in this field, hoping to help more people understand the field of sensing, and more awareness of industrial sensors.
development of science and technology has allowed human capabilities to expand.
if machinery extends human physical strength and computers extend human intelligence, then ubiquitous sensors, like the human nervous system, greatly extend human perception.
sensor, not a new word for the KEY Opinion Consume group, but a very traditional and common term that can be found even in the Xinhua dictionary.
or Transducer in English.
"sensors" are defined in the New Weber dictionary as "devices that receive power from one system, usually in another form."
according to this definition, the role of sensors is to convert one energy into another form of energy, so many scholars also use the term "transducer" to refer to "sensor-Sensor".
simple terms, a sensor is a detection device, usually composed of sensitive and conversion components, which measures information and allows the user to perceive it.
transforms the data or value information in the sensor into electrical signals or other required forms of output to meet the requirements of information transmission, processing, storage, display, recording, and control.
it's like converting a computer-recognized binary code into text, pictures, and so on.
In fact, sensors have always existed in our lives, as small as remote control, mobile phone buttons, as large as television, boiler detection, power grid transmission, medical device diagnostics, etc., applied to a variety of fields, so to speak, sensing technology and sensors are an integral part of the product.
From the point of view of technology and application type, sensors are divided into temperature, pressure, displacement, ultrasonic, flow, resistance, image sensors, etc., from the discipline, including sound, light, electricity, sensors are also divided into chemical, physical, biological sensors, etc., from the industrial layout, divided into consumer-grade, automotive electronics, industrial-grade, medical sensors.
has been around for quite some time since the world's first thermostat was introduced in 1883.
and with the development of IoT (Internet of Things) and AI (Artificial Intelligence) technologies, intelligent sensors have been brought to market and are widely used in IoT technology projects.
As a trending list for the technology industry, the 2019-2020 MIT Science and Technology Review TR10 (The World's Top Ten Breakthrough Technologies), the relevant sensing technology has been mentioned many times, "Sensing City" is one of the representative breakthrough technologies.
DeepTech has mentioned that integrating a large number of intelligent sensors into an entire urban scene is like installing new digital limbs and sensory organs, with everything connected, sensory, and controllable, and the city's operations to be taken over by an incredibly powerful AI.
the current situation, sensing technology is still exploring a wide range of related products for landing and urban planning purposes.
of course, sensors still face other serious challenges, and some of China's sensors and sensing technologies are still relatively backward compared to sensor and sensing technology applications in Europe and the United States due to high investment.
Yang Xueshan, former vice-minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and honorary chairman of the China Sensor and Internet of Things Industry Alliance, said in a speech that although sensing technology is improving, China's sensor industry started late and lack of relevant talents, resulting in China's sensor and sensing technology is still dependent on imports, China's independent scientific and technological innovation and high-end sensor products are in a blank state.
the following will be from the technical and industrial perspectives, to review the development of sensors and the current situation, and analyze some future trends.
the world's first thermostat was officially launched in 1883, and was created by an inventor named Warren S. Johnson.
the thermostat's ability to keep temperature to a certain degree of accuracy was a very powerful technique at the time, using sensor and sensing technology.
the first infrared sensor came out in the late 1940s.
Since then, so many sensors have been spawned, and until now, there have been about 35,000 sensors worldwide, in a very complex number and use, and it can be said that this is a time when sensor and sensing technology is hot.
In 1987, ADI began developing new sensors, unlike others called MEMS, a new type of sensor made using microelectronics and micromechine technology.
compared to conventional sensors, it is small in size, light in weight, low in cost, low in power consumption, high in reliability, suitable for mass production, easy to integrate and intelligent.
and ADI is the industry's zui early MEMS research and development company.
1991, ADI released the industry's first High-g MEMS device, primarily for vehicle airbag collision monitoring.
many MEMS sensors have since been widely developed and used in precision instruments such as mobile phones, electric lights, water temperature detection, and as of 2010, there were approximately 600 companies worldwide engaged in the development and production of MEMS.
With the explosion of cloud computing, 5G, big data, AI technology and Internet of Things technology, intelligent sensors and intelligent sensing technology are gradually mentioned, a large number of wearable devices contain a variety of biological and environmental intelligent sensors, to collect human and environmental parameters, to achieve the management of the wearer's motion health, the higher accuracy of the sensor makes the device more reliable.
the current situation and future trends of consumer sensors at present, consumer-grade sensor products have flowed into the market, consumers can now see, feel.
can even say that the sensors at the C end are well known and can be felt by everyone and everywhere.
's upcoming Google Pixel 4 phones will feature new radar detection and gesture manipulation, all of which require consumer-grade sensors, combined with professional sensing technology, and the Face ID feature on the iPhone X is also achieved by sensing multiple sensors and transferring information to a chip or system.
On August 24th, at the 2019 China Intelligence Expo Sensor and Internet of Things Summit Forum in Chongqing, Shi Deying, Deputy Chief Engineer of the China Information and Communications Research Institute, mentioned that consumer electronics account for more than 45% of the global MEMS sensor market structure, and in the future, sensors will be used in new scenarios such as 3D maps and virtual reality through mobile phone devices.
automotive electronics, the global average of 10 sensors per car, high-end cars, about 25 to 40 MEMS sensors.
Gu Rongxiang, deputy secretary-general of the China Sensor and Internet of Things Industry Alliance, said in an interview with DeepTech that automotive sensors are relatively large in industrial applications, and that the gap between China and abroad is indeed relatively large.
e.g. scale, automotive history development, price, brand, etc., but China's innovation power is very strong, the technology gap is not large, the future with the further development of automotive intelligence, sensor applications will be more extensive.
the consumption level of sensors, it is worth paying attention to the development of industrial intelligent sensor industry.
, compared with consumer electronics, industrial sensors are more demanding in terms of stability, accuracy and operational safety.
, according to forward-looking Economist statistics, as of 2017, there were approximately 135 companies in china's MEMS sensor manufacturing industry.
From the point of view of industrial capacity, most of them belong to the start-up category of small and medium-sized enterprises, the supply capacity is not strong, in addition, enterprises have management problems, lack of funds, weak scientific research capacity and the ability to attract high-tech talent is weak, technical capacity is not strong and so on.
Currently, in the global sensor manufacturing supply chain, including research and development, design, manufacturing, packaging, testing, software, system applications and other processes, but for a variety of reasons, in industrial sensors, highly dependent on imports, from research and development to design still need a lot of investment and talent supply, and many sensor manufacturers are from manufacturing, doing similar foundry work.
Whether in terms of capital, or the entire industry, this field is still small, high technical barriers to sensors, long development cycle, social capital sensor chip projects as high risk, resulting in a lack of long-term investment in core technology, slow industrial development, resulting in dependence on imported sources to manufacture or process sensor products, and then into the Chinese market.
with the deepening of international relations and the implementation of the 13th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Strategic Emerging Industries, the sensor industry has gradually begun to be valued.
In 2013, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Science and Technology and other four ministries formulated the Action Plan for Accelerating the Development of The Sensor and Intelligent Instrumentation Industry, mentioning that the current is a critical period for the rapid development of China's sensor and intelligent instrumentation industry, and that for future enterprise development, the state will encourage, support and nurture leading enterprises in the industry with output value of more than 1 billion yuan and "small (medium) and refined, specialized, specialized and strong" innovative enterprises with output value of more than 50 million yuan.
Yang Jing, deputy director of the sensor center of Chongqing Acoustics and Photoelectric Co., Ltd., an AC technology group, also mentioned in an interview that China's sensor industry is still following the policy, and he believes that the country should go to the direction to support some high-end new materials, new processes, new technologies and other sensors, including the domestic sensor industry blank area, there is still a large market.
Sensor industry is promising from the technical progress and industrial development, although the sensor field is highly dependent on imports, high-tech talent shortage and other issues, but China has been encouraging sensor companies to become bigger and stronger, hoping that from consumer goods to industry, more innovation is possible.
With the development of the Internet industry, at the first Chongqing Zhibo, Alibaba Group Chairman Jack Ma mentioned that in the future 90% of the manufacturing industry will be carried out on the Internet, and now China's Internet industry has led - ahead of other countries, in the Internet of Things (IoT) plus 5G plus AI, the sensor manufacturing industry still has a large market.
we all know that between technology and industry is the need to form a better positive iterative effect, the more landing scenes, the more products will be manufactured, the industry will become larger and larger, the sensor industry development is also the same.
with the continuous development of Internet of Things technology, how to develop the sensor industry in the future, how the government can attract the landing of the sensor industrial park and other issues, still need to be constantly discussed.
Wu Peng of China Four-Way Instrumentation Group Co., Ltd. said in an interview that he hoped the country would have some better planning and some supportive policies to pull up the entire industrial chain, and for the future development, we will work hard to give full play to the main advantages, help the Internet of Things, the sensor industry will become better.
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