Social security fee reduction: at least 7 provinces and cities have introduced measures

Source: 21st century economic report 2016-03-22 introduction: at present, most of the major adjustments are unemployment, work injury and maternity insurance, all of which belong to small insurance types, and the rates of the three insurance types are only 4% of the wages in total "From the perspective of load reduction, the current rate is still insufficient." Special correspondent Zhang Mengjie in Beijing reports that a round of social security fee reduction has begun On March 21, the Shanghai municipal government announced that it decided to reduce the unit payment rate of the three types of insurance, namely endowment insurance, medical insurance and unemployment insurance, by 1%, 1% and 0.5%, respectively It is expected that this year, the burden of enterprises will be reduced by about 13.5 billion yuan Since February this year, at least seven provinces (cities) have introduced measures to reduce social security fees in accordance with the unified deployment of the current round of the central government, among which unemployment insurance, work-related injury insurance and maternity insurance are mainly adjusted to reduce the cost of enterprises In addition, according to the reduction of social insurance premiums, it has also entered the fast lane Shanxi, Hunan, and Qingdao, Shandong all said not long ago that one of the tasks of this year is to study and formulate a plan for the combination of basic medical insurance and maternity insurance "The nature of the two types of insurance is similar It is expected that the maternity insurance will be incorporated into the medical insurance Compared with the original rate of 8% - 10%, the combined rate will definitely decline, but the space for decline is limited." Qi Chuanjun, Deputy Secretary General of the world social security research center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, said in an interview with 21st century economic reporter As the main measure of local supply side structural reform, social security fee reduction measures have been introduced in many places Since February this year, Guangdong, Tianjin, Yunnan, Gansu, Guizhou, Jiangsu, Shanghai and other places have taken measures to reduce social security fee rates Although the adjusted insurance types and terms are different, and the rate reduction is mainly inclined to enterprises Taking Shanghai's adjustment plan as an example, the reduced rates are all unit payment rates, not involving individual payment In Guangdong, the main targets of reducing the cost of social insurance are unemployment, medical insurance and work-related injury insurance, of which the unemployment insurance has been reduced from 2% to 1% It is estimated that by the end of this year, the social insurance (including housing fund) for enterprises in the province will be reduced by about 35 billion yuan Compared with Guangdong, Tianjin issued the first batch of policies and measures to reduce the cost of real economic enterprises in early February, which made it clear that the main three types of insurance were to reduce unemployment, maternity and industrial injury, and the payment rate was reduced by 1.43 percentage points Medical insurance and endowment insurance have also made special arrangements and adjustments for enterprises in need According to the 12 measures for stable growth recently issued by Yunnan Province, the provincial level birth insurance rate is reduced to 0.2%, and the period of reduction is one year this year; the average rate of work-related injury insurance is reduced from 0.93% to 0.75%; the unemployment insurance is reduced from 3% to 2% Gansu Province has the largest range of reduced insurance types, and will adopt the policy of "five slows down, four falls and four subsidies" to support enterprises in need In addition to the municipal overall medical insurance, unemployment, work-related injury and maternity insurance rates are all reduced, of which the first two items are reduced by 1% and 0.25% respectively, and the maternity insurance rates are all reduced to within 0.5% of the total wages of the employees of the employer; in addition, for the individuals whose monthly average wages are lower than 40% of the average wages of the employees on duty, 40% is taken as the individual endowment insurance payment base In Guizhou, the main purpose is to reduce the rate of unemployment insurance and work-related injury insurance paid by enterprises; in Jiangsu, the main purpose is to reduce the unemployment insurance and reduce the unemployment insurance by 0.5 percentage points in the next three years In addition, the 21st century reporters found that the supply side reform opinions issued by Chongqing, Qinghai and other provinces and cities were also clear, and the "five insurances and one gold" collection policy would be adjusted In response, Li Zhen, a professor at the school of public management of Renmin University of China and director of the Institute of social security, said in an interview with the 21st century economic reporter that at present, the major adjustments are unemployment, work-related injury and maternity insurance, all of which belong to small insurance types, and the rates of the three insurance types are only 4% of the wages in total "From the perspective of reducing the burden, the current rate is still insufficient." Li Keqiang, premier of the State Council, said in a recent interview that there is still room for appropriate adjustment in terms of "five insurances and one fund" Different regions have different situations According to the actual situation, local governments can adjust the deposit proportion of "five insurances and one fund" in a phased and appropriate way From the point of view of the national unified level, after the State Council cut unemployment, work-related injury and maternity insurance rates successively last year, the social five insurance rates including pension and medical insurance in China dropped to 39.25% from 41% before However, the actual social security rates determined by provinces and cities across the country are different Taking Shanghai as an example, after the 2.5% unit payment rate is reduced, the five insurance rate of social security is 43%, which is still higher than the national level, including 32.5% unit rate and 10.5% individual rate In an interview with 21st century economic news, an executive of a foreign-funded enterprise said that employees are not "grateful" for the high social security fee paid by the company, believing that it is the deduction of their own money from their wages According to Li Zhen, this is a paradox caused by the high rate The policy rate is too high, which makes some enterprises and individuals take a free ride by underreporting and concealing the wage base "Management can not keep up with the actual total fund income is still less than expected Instead, it is better to directly reduce the rate, consolidate the fee base and enhance everyone's trust in the system." Li Zhen said As the "big head" endowment insurance among the five insurances of social security, even in Guangdong, which has the lowest endowment insurance rate in China, the annual payment of individuals and enterprises is 2311 yuan and 3811 yuan respectively, totaling 6122 yuan, calculated according to the minimum payment base of 2408 yuan last year Is there any room for pension insurance to be lowered? In Qi Chuanjun's opinion, it is difficult to implement the substantial adjustment of social security rates such as pension insurance on the premise of no reform of the system framework, because at present, pension and medical insurance funds in China are facing the pressure of income not offset In 2015, including the high amount of financial subsidies, the number of provinces that cannot receive the current pension insurance has increased from 2 in the previous year to 7; the health insurance fund is similar to it, and the Ministry of human resources and social security recently said that the health insurance fund "even has a large number of provinces that cannot receive the current pension, and the risk of" bottoming out "of the fund is increasingly prominent." On the eve of this year's two sessions, Yin Weimin, Minister of human resources and social security, introduced at the press conference of the State Council's new office that the future reform of the endowment insurance system will include the implementation of the nationwide insurance plan, the promotion of the national overall planning of the endowment insurance, the further improvement of the individual account system, the introduction of the policy of gradually delaying the retirement age, the promotion of the investment and operation of the endowment insurance fund, and the financing of the endowment insurance fund in various aspects There are seven aspects to promote the multi-level endowment insurance system Before that, Lou Jiwei, Minister of finance, said in interpreting the reform of the medical insurance system during the 13th Five Year Plan period that in the future, the medical insurance reform will include improving the financing mechanism and reimbursement proportion adjustment mechanism of medical insurance, fully implementing the serious illness insurance system for urban and rural residents, playing the role of medical insurance in controlling expenses, integrating the basic medical insurance system and encouraging the development of supplementary medical insurance and commercial health insurance.