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Sodium hypochlorite
[Alias] bleach
[Components] The molecular formula of sodium hypochlorite is NaCIO, and the relative molecular mass is 74.
Table 7-4 Composition of sodium hypochlorite solution at different pH values
[Physical and chemical properties] Sodium hypochlorite solution is a light yellow liquid with a pungent odor similar to chlorine
Table 7-5 The solubility of sodium hypochlorite in water
[Preparation method] The preparation method of sodium hypochlorite is divided into chemical method and physical method.
(1) Liquid alkali chlorination method
A certain amount of alkali is added to an appropriate amount of water to make a certain concentration of sodium hydroxide solution
2NaOH+Cl 2 →NaClO+NaCl+H 2 O
During the reaction process, a cooling coil must be used for cooling, and the reaction temperature must be controlled below 40°C to prevent the NaCIO from decomposing when the temperature is too high
①The discontinuous production process first mixes 30% liquid caustic soda with water to a concentration of 15.
②The continuous production process of falling film method prepares 30% liquid caustic soda into 15% concentration liquid caustic, and sends it to the top of the membrane reactor, the upper part of which is a packed tower; then enters the wall of the membrane reaction tube and flows downward in a liquid film shape.
The liquid sodium hydroxide chlorination method is economical and reasonable to produce sodium hypochlorite, and can prepare solutions with various effective chlorine content.
(2) Electrolysis method
The electrolysis method refers to a method in which sodium hypochlorite is electrolyzed by a sodium hypochlorite generator using salt (NaCl) as a raw material
Table 7-6 is a comparison of several sodium hypochlorite production methods
Table 7-6 Comparison of sodium hypochlorite production methods
Related Links: Application of Ozone