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Solubility product constant in precipitation dissolution

 Last Update: 2021-06-18
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7.
5.
1 Solubility product constant

Solubility is an important property of substances.
Insoluble substances usually refer to substances with a mass of less than 0.
01g dissolved in 100g of water
.

The precipitation dissolution balance mainly discusses the balance between the saturated solution of the insoluble strong electrolyte and the ions produced by its dissociation
.

For example, adding H ₂ SO ₄ solution to BaCl ₂ solution will produce BaSO ₄ white precipitation; CaCO ₃ solids are dissolved in excess dilute HCl.

The equilibrium constant is

Since the equilibrium constant expression of the dissolution reaction is in the form of the product of ion concentration, the equilibrium constant is called the solubility product constant
.

For any insoluble strong electrolyte AaBb, there are

The solubility product constant is

Precipitation dissolution equilibrium is a kind of chemical equilibrium, so the rules of chemical equilibrium constants are all applicable to precipitation dissolution equilibrium, and Ksp ^Θ changes with temperature
.

Solubility refers to the concentration of a substance in a saturated solution, and both it and the solubility product constant can be used to express the solubility of poorly soluble substances
.

Because it represents the same property of the same substance, there is a certain relationship between the two, which can be converted

[Example 7-8] Calculate the solubility of AgCl and Ag ₂ CrO ₄ in aqueous solution respectively
.

It is known that Ksp ^Θ , AgCl=1.
8×10 ^-10 , Ksp ^Θ , Ag ₂ CrO ₄ =

Solution (1) Suppose the solubility of AgCI in pure water is S ₁
.

(2) Let the solubility S ₂ of Ag ₂ CrO ₄ in pure water .

(N, same as the ratio of the number of ions) for the same type of insoluble salts, may be formed Ksp ^[Theta] to directly compare the size of the size of solubility, i.

e.
, Ksp ^[Theta] value larger substance, its solubility is also large

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