Stocktaking: Blood Research Selected on May 28, 2020

Poly (I:C), KEL glycoprotein and eryteal cell immunoprevention failure
https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2020005018polyclonal anti-D (RhIg) is an important means of treating neonatal hemolytic disease, but some female patients will have breakthrough anti-D immunityRecently, researchers examined the relationship between antiviral response and the efficacy of type 1 interferon (IFN)-dependent immunopreventive stoidsresearchers injected polyclonal anti-KEL immunoharister (KELIg) into wild or knockout mice that did not exist or did not exist poly (I:C), and then fed into mouse red blood cells that expressed human KEL glycoproteinThe researchers conducted a longitudinal assessment of the consumption of KEL allogeneic immunity, serum cytokines, and RBCsIn some experiments, transplant recipients were treated with type 1 interferon (IFN-alpha/beta)Treatment of transplant recipients with poly (I:C) yields can yield breakthrough anti-KEL immunity, even with KELIgAt the baseline, the CD4-T cells of the transplant recipient did not affect the effect of immune prevention; Under the condition of breaking out anti-KEL immunity, the consumption of KEL RBC caused by inflammatory mononucleosis and serum MCP-1 and IL-6 increased significantlyPoly (I:C) or type I IFN injections can effectively trigger breakthrough immunity, and Poly (I:C) can induce homomy immunity even without the transplantof receptor type I interferon receptorthe different effects of platelet protein S in the formation of venous thrombosis
https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019003630the anticoagulant protein S (PS) in platelets (PSplt) is similar to plasma PS and released when platelets are activated;researchers ininactivated PSplt expression in mice using Pf4-lox/loxPf4-Cre plus, promoting thrombosis in the veins with lower shearing rates, but without affecting the cervical arteries with higher shear rateAt a low shear rate, PSplt acts as a cofactor of activated protein C and tissue factor pathway inhibitors, limits the activation of X-factors in growth blood clots and the production of clotting enzymes, and ensures that highly activated platelets and fibrin are confined to the site of the injuryBlood clots from pro1lox/loxPf4-Cre-mice contracted at high concentrations of clotting enzymes, while blood clots from pro1lox/loxPf4-Cre-mice did not contract because the fibrin network was highly densesickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia fetal hemoglobin-induced expression of heterogeneinhttps://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2020005058reverse the transition from fetal hemoglobin (HbF, alpha 2 x2) to adult (HbA, alpha 2 beta 2) hemoglobin is an important treatment for sickle cell disease (SCD) and beta-thalassemiaIn healthy people, SCD patients, and patients treated with the drug HbF induced, HbF is present only in red blood cell subgroups called F cells for reasons that are not knownrecently researchers have developed techniques to understand the heterogeneity of HbF activation by developing techniques for isolating advanced red blood cell F cells and non-F cells (A cells) that match the differentiation phase from human HUDEP2 red blood cell cell line and primary red blood cell cultureTranscription and proteomic analysis of these cells showed that the differences in RNA levels between F-cells and A cells were very small, both under baseline conditions and after treatment with hbF-induced hydroxyurea or pomamineSurprisingly, the researchers found no known HbF regulator, including BCL11A or LRF, that differed in expression, which may explain hbF activationthe susceptibility to tumors and prognosticin individuals with short telomere syndrome
https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2019003264short telomeres are associated with cancer risk, but there is also evidence that short telomeres have tumor inhibitionIn this study, researchers looked at the cancer prognosis of individuals who carried telomeres and other telomeres to maintain mutations in the gene embryo system12.8 per cent of 180 people had cancer Solid tumors are rare (2.8%); almost all cancer patients are young men with DKC1 mutations who generally have a better prognosis after surgical removal of the tumor Bone marrow hyperplasia syndrome (MDS) is the most common, followed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML); Over the age of 50 is the biggest risk factor, MDS/AML is often characterized by bone marrow dysplindy, chromosome 7 monomer, but compared to unscreened patients, the mutation of somatic cells is not significant The survival rates for 1 and 2 years were 61% and 39%, respectively, and two-thirds of MDS/AML patients died of pulmonary fibrosis and/or liver and lung syndrome Half of MDS/AML patients showed recurrent peripheral blood type acquired granulocytic granulocytes-specific telomere reduction This loss does not exist in non-MDS/AML age-matching mutation carriers The researchers also tested non-MDS/AML adult patients with short telomeres for cloned hematopoietic blood in an uncertain underlying (CHIP)-related mutation, and found that 30 percent of individuals were affected These patients were also mainly characterized by pulmonary fibrosis in follow-up Source: MedSci Original