Sub-Journal of "Science": For the first time, it was discovered that the new crown infection has long-term immune memory, and the effect of the vaccine may be strengthened!

The current global pandemic of the new coronavirus Covid-19 is still not optimistic, and the way to eliminate the target virus SARS-CoV-2 that caused the new coronavirus is to establish immune memory
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Generally speaking, immune memory is that when the human body is infected with a virus, targeted T cells and B cells are produced in the body, and they cooperate to clear and inhibit the spread of the virus
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Recently, the Columbia University research team published a research paper titled "SARS-CoV-2 infection generates tissue-localized immunological memory in humans" in "Science Immunology".
Research shows that the new crown infection has long-term immune memory in the human body
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Researchers found that there are not only SARS-CoV-2 specific memory T cells and memory B cells, but also SARS-CoV-2 specific germinal centers in the lungs and lymph nodes around the lungs of patients with new coronary disease
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This has important guiding significance for optimizing vaccine effects
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DOI: 10.
1126/sciimmunol.
abl9105 Researchers first screened the organ samples of 4 organ donors who were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 and were between 10-74 years old and the corresponding control group (organs not infected with the new crown) Donor)
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The results showed that even after 6 months of infection with the new crown, SARS-CoV-2 specific memory T cells and memory B cells still exist in the patient’s bone marrow, spleen, lung, and multiple lymph nodes, while the lungs and lung-related lymphoid tissues are The most important part of the distribution of these memory cells
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The serum in the control group lacked SARS-CoV-2 antibodies
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This proves that patients who have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 have developed immune memories
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If you are infected again, the patient can immediately have "guards" dispatched to protect the body from harm
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SARS-CoV-2 specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the blood and tissues of previously infected organ donors SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells are very important for the body’s immune protection and resistance to viral infections.
It can recognize antigens in a timely manner.
Respond and call the immune system to request instructions
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The article shows that SARS-CoV-2 infection produces virus-specific T cell responses in the blood, multiple lymphatic sites, and lungs, and as a subgroup of circulating and resident memory, it is retained in different tissues to produce different responses
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 SARS-CoV-2 specific T cells are maintained as memory subgroups in different tissues of seropositive donors.
In addition, the detection frequency of SARS-CoV-2 specific memory B cells is significantly higher in infected patients
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It is worth noting that in almost all samples, the proportion of IgG+ memory B cells is the highest
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  The SARS-CoV-2 specific memory B cells in the tissues after the above series of studies have shown that even after 6 months of infection with the new crown, SARS-CoV-2 still exists in the patient’s bone marrow, spleen, lung and multiple lymph nodes.
Specific memory T cells and memory B cells are mainly concentrated in the lungs and related lymphoid tissues of the lungs
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Not only that, the researchers also found stronger evidence that the new coronavirus infection left an "indelible footprint" in the immune system-SARS-CoV was found in the lungs and lung-related lymphoid tissues of patients with new coronavirus.
2 Specific germinal centers, and follicular helper T cells (TFH)
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SARS-CoV-2 specific germinal center B cells and follicular helper T cells from seropositive donors.
After virus infection or antigen immunization, secondary lymphatic organs (such as spleen and lymph nodes) will form a microstructure-germinal hair Center (GC)
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Activated B cells can achieve clonal proliferation here, and with the assistance of TFH, they can evolve longer-term and higher-affinity antibody recognition
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In other words, after being infected by the new coronavirus, the lungs and lung-related lymphatic systems have established an "emergency center" for the new coronavirus to prevent the body from being re-infected
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Finally, after performing correlation matrix analysis, the researchers verified that cellular and humoral immunity have a fixed-point dynamic coordination function, which has an opposite or compensatory effect in the lungs
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In other words, the elimination of SARS-CoV-2 virus requires the "mutual assistance" of humoral immunity and cellular immunity to maximize its effect
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In summary, the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has immune memory in the body, and related specific memory T cells and B cells are mainly concentrated in the lungs and lung-related lymph nodes
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This is the key position for the establishment of immune memory after SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Therefore, the immune memory of infection and vaccine can be monitored specifically, which is of strategic significance for the optimization of the vaccine effect
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End reference materials: [1]DOI:10.
1126/sciimmunol.
abl9105