Summary of the 2021 Endocrinology "Guidelines and Expert Consensus" (China)

Edited by Yimaitong, please do not reprint without authorization
.

Looking back at 2021, there is no shortage of harvests from the busy schedule
.

For the endocrinology field, 2021 is also a fruitful year
.

The continuous enrichment of evidence-based medical evidence promotes the updating and improvement of guidelines/expert consensus in the field of endocrinology
.

Domestically, in addition to the highly anticipated 2020 CDS guidelines, we also welcomed: the first "2020 Chinese Guidelines for Malignant Risk Stratification of Thyroid Nodules Ultrasound: C-TIRADS", the first "Chinese Expert Consensus on Relieving Type 2 Diabetes", the first "Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases in the Elderly in China (2021)
.
"
Since then, clinical diagnosis and treatment have had a more authoritative basis
.

In addition, the endocrine guidelines/expert consensus promulgated by China in 2021 also involves off-label medication, obesity nutrition therapy, LADA, diabetes-related eye disease, Graves eye disease, adrenal accidental tumor, acromegaly, adult growth hormone deficiency, etc.
, so that we can take up sharper weapons in the face of disease
.

To this end, Yimaitong has compiled and sorted out, hoping to help teachers
.

 The Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (2020 Edition) The full version of the "Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (2020 Edition)" will be released in April 2021
.

The guide has 19 chapters, covering the epidemiology of diabetes in China, the diagnosis and classification of diabetes, the tertiary prevention of type 2 diabetes, the screening and evaluation of diabetes, the education and management of diabetes, the comprehensive control goals of type 2 diabetes and hyperglycemia treatment path, medical nutrition, weight management and exercise therapy, drug therapy high blood sugar, diabetes-related technologies, acute and chronic complications of diabetes, hypoglycemia, a special case of diabetes, Chinese medicine treatment of metabolic syndrome and diabetes
.

The promulgation of this guideline will help guide and help clinicians to standardize and comprehensively manage patients with type 2 diabetes, and improve the clinical outcomes of Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes
.

 Related articles: [1] "China Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (2020 Edition)" officially released! Summary of update points [2] Professor Lu Juming: Interpretation of update points of "China Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (2020 Edition)" Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23047 The first Chinese expert consensus on the mitigation of type 2 diabetes 》 At present, the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is high in China.
Patients are under pressure from psychological, physical, social, economic and other aspects.
If diabetes remission can be achieved, it will be of great significance to patients, their families, and even the whole society
.

Therefore, Professor Zou Dajin, Professor Zhang Zheng, and Professor Ji Linong took the lead in organizing domestic experts, combined with domestic and foreign research evidence and the ADA consensus report, to formulate a "Chinese Expert Consensus on Relieving Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus" that meets the health needs of Chinese patients with diabetes.
To guide clinicians to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of T2DM, and to help T2DM patients obtain safe, effective and economical interventions
.

 Related article: 5 programs to "reverse" diabetes, the first "Chinese Expert Consensus on Type 2 Diabetes Remission" was released! Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/24230 The first "Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases in the Elderly in China (2021)" The Geriatric Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Group of the Geriatrics Branch and the Thyroid Group of the Endocrinology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association jointly formulated the "Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases in the Elderly in China" (referred to as the "Consensus")
.

The "Consensus" includes 5 parts, and 40 recommendations are made for the main clinical problems in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases in the elderly
.

The "Consensus" emphasizes that clinical attention should be paid to the aging changes of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis in the elderly; it is recommended to use a comprehensive evaluation method for the elderly to comprehensively evaluate the impact of thyroid diseases and intervention methods on the overall health of the elderly; Screening for hypothyroidism during admission to nursing homes, hospitalization, and routine health examinations; formulating individualized stratified management of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer in the elderly, which are different from those in non-elderly people , including the selection of treatment options and control goals, as well as the flow chart of diagnosis and treatment
.

The "Consensus" will provide the basis for the diagnosis and treatment decisions and health management of thyroid diseases in the elderly by geriatrics, endocrinology and metabolic diseases and general practitioners
.

 Related Articles: China's first "Expert Consensus on Thyroid Diseases in the Elderly" released! "40 Recommendations" and "3 Flowcharts", one article download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23540 The first "2020 Chinese Guidelines for Malignant Risk Stratification of Thyroid Nodules Ultrasound: C-TIRADS" Ultrasonography, as the preferred imaging method for thyroid nodules, has important value in clinical diagnosis and treatment decisions
.

However, there are as many as 10 versions of TIRADS, the grading standard of thyroid imaging report and data system used by hospitals all over my country, which is very inconsistent.

.

 To this end, the tissue experts of the Superficial Organs and Vascular Group of the Ultrasound Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Association began to draft the Chinese version of TIRADS in 2017, aiming to establish a C-TIRADS in line with China's national conditions
.

Recently, "2020 Chinese Guidelines for Malignant Risk Stratification of Thyroid Nodules Ultrasound: C-TIRADS" was published in the Chinese Journal of Ultrasound Imaging
.

 Related articles: [1] The first Chinese version of TIRADS is released! Since then, the ultrasound assessment of benign and malignant thyroid nodules has a Chinese basis [2] The first Chinese version of TIRADS: C-TIRADS classification of 6 special types of thyroid nodulesDownload link: https://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23193 China Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes in the elderly (2021 edition) With the intensification of aging in China, the prevalence of diabetes in the elderly has increased significantly, and standardized management of elderly patients with diabetes is urgently needed
.

Experts organized by the National Geriatrics Center, the Geriatrics Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and the Diabetes Professional Committee of the Chinese Geriatrics Health Care Association have written the "Guidelines for Diabetes Diabetes in the Elderly (2021 Edition)"
.

This guideline consists of 19 chapters, covering the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of elderly diabetes and its complications, comprehensive health assessment of elderly patients with diabetes, blood glucose management, management of risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, acute and chronic complications management, elderly diabetic comorbidity and management of special situations and so on
.

This guideline highlights the high heterogeneity of older adults with diabetes and the need for comprehensive assessment, stratified and individualized management strategies
.

The blood glucose management path, simple treatment concept and "de-intensive treatment strategy" suitable for elderly diabetic patients were proposed
.

The promulgation of this guideline will help to guide and help clinicians to carry out comprehensive and full-cycle standardized comprehensive management of elderly diabetic patients, and improve the clinical outcomes of elderly Chinese patients with diabetes
.

 Related article: "Guidelines for Diabetes Diabetes in the Elderly in China (2021 Edition)" released! Propose a new concept of differentiated management based on "health status" Download address: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/22609 Expert consensus on the safety management of multiple drugs in elderly patients with comorbidities Correspondingly increased, polypharmacy has become a difficult problem for clinicians
.

The current guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases are almost all for a single disease, and the evidence is mainly from the research of a single disease, and the elderly patients or patients with comorbidities are rarely included
.

In clinical practice, comprehensive management needs to be carried out according to the specific conditions of elderly patients with comorbidities, and the risks and benefits of drug treatment should be considered when making decisions, especially the drug interactions of comorbid multi-drugs
.

Regarding the potential inappropriate prescribing and management of polypharmacy and drug interactions in the endocrine system, consensus mainly addresses the following
.

 Related Articles: China's "Guidelines for Safe Medication in the Elderly" Updated! Endocrine medication list download address: https://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/24473 China Overweight/Obesity Medical Nutrition Treatment Guidelines (2021) The methodology of the consensus has also been updated.
The Nutrition and Metabolic Management Branch of the China Association for the Promotion of International Exchange of Healthcare, the Clinical Nutrition Branch of the Chinese Nutrition Society, the Diabetes Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and the Nutrition Physician of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association The professional committee organized a number of scholars in the fields of evidence-based medicine, public health, nutrition and metabolism, as well as multidisciplinary experts covering surgery, endocrinology, etc.
, to comprehensively update the 2016 version of the consensus and form the "China Overweight/Obesity Medical Nutrition Treatment Guidelines (2021) )"
.

 Related Articles: Comprehensively updated, covering 83 clinical issues, "China Overweight/Obesity Medical Nutrition Treatment Guidelines (2021)" released! Download link: https://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/24587 Catalogue of Drugs Off-label (2021 Edition) (Guangdong Pharmaceutical Association) “Off-label drug use” refers to medication plans beyond the contents of the drug label, including drugs The indications for use, the applicable population, the method of administration or the dosage are not within the instructions approved by the domestic drug administration
.

Clinically, this is not uncommon
.

Standardized off-label drug use has positive clinical value, and provides patients with therapeutic benefits by giving play to the frontier therapeutic effects of drugs
.

The official website of the Guangdong Pharmaceutical Association released the latest version of the "Catalogue of Drugs with Off-label Drugs (2021 Edition)", which is the seventh edition since 2015.
The updated version of the "Catalogue" contains a total of 242 off-label drug information
.

 Related article: New use of metformin, recombinant human growth hormone? The "Catalogue of Drugs Beyond the Instruction Manual (2021 Edition)" was released! Download link: https://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23614 Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease in China (2021 Edition) corroborating medical evidence
.

The microvascular complications group of the Diabetes Society of the Chinese Medical Association organized the national experts in the field of endocrinology and nephrology to compile this guideline, which aims to convey the latest and important progress and further standardize the management of DKD
.

The guidelines cover the definition, screening, diagnosis, staging, assessment and prevention of DKD
.

 Related article: "Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy in China (2021 Edition)" released! 3-minute key download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/24022 Expert consensus on blood pressure management in adults with diabetes Diabetes and hypertension are two high-incidence diseases that seriously endanger people's health, and they often coexist
.

Management of blood pressure in diabetic patients is an important measure to prevent and delay diabetic complications, and it is of great significance to reduce the disease burden of diabetes and hypertension.
However, the current blood pressure control status of diabetic patients in China is not ideal
.

In recent years, new evidence-based medical evidence in the field of diabetes and hypertension has been emerging, and domestic and foreign guidelines for diabetes and hypertension have been updated from time to time.
In particular, SGLT-2 inhibitors have a good antihypertensive effect and are beneficial to blood pressure management in diabetic patients.
influence
.

In view of this, the Shanghai Medical Association Diabetes Branch and the Shanghai Medical Association Endocrinology Branch organized experts to analyze and sort out the relevant clinical evidence, and form a consensus on the management of blood pressure in adult diabetic patients
.

 Related article: How to manage blood pressure in people with diabetes? The latest consensus says so download address: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/22637 Expert consensus on perioperative blood glucose monitoring in adults Perioperative blood glucose management is very important
.

Accurate, fast and convenient blood glucose monitoring methods and practical monitoring programs are the prerequisites for effective management of perioperative blood glucose
.

In order to achieve satisfactory blood glucose management in perioperative patients, a well-regulated intraoperative blood glucose monitoring program is essential
.

Based on the latest evidence-based medical evidence and the clinical practice of DM prevention and treatment in China, the Nursing Branch of the Chinese Research Hospital Association has joined forces with the Beijing Perioperative Medicine Research Association, the Chinese Research Hospital Association Diabetes Committee, the Chinese Nursing Association Diabetes Nursing Committee, and the Chinese Nursing Association.
The Surgical Nursing Committee of the Society has organized multidisciplinary medical and nursing experts to compile this consensus, hoping to provide clinical guidance and a practical adult perioperative blood glucose monitoring program
.

 Related article: What should be paid attention to in perioperative blood glucose monitoring? The latest expert consensus is here! Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/22748 Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients Diabetes is the most important comorbid disease of cardiovascular disease, and cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death and disability in patients with type 2 diabetes
.

In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease, the Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center of the National Health Commission organized experts in the fields of cardiology and endocrinology to summarize the research progress and expert experience of related disciplines at home and abroad, and formulate this consensus
.

 This consensus is expounded from the perspectives of cardiovascular disease and diabetes management, respectively, covering the diagnosis, drug treatment, and risk factor management of diabetes complicated with cardiovascular disease (mainly including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and heart failure).
content, aimed at enhancing the comprehensive management of patients and ultimately improving patient outcomes
.

The management of cardiovascular disease mainly includes blood pressure, blood lipids, antithrombotic, anti-myocardial ischemia, anti-ventricular remodeling,
etc.

The management of diabetes mainly includes life>
.

In addition, this consensus also provides specific clinical recommendations for patients with special populations such as diabetic nephropathy, the elderly (> 75 years old), and critically ill patients with cardiovascular disease
.

 Related Articles: "Expert Consensus on Diabetes Complicated with Cardiovascular Diseases" Released! Focus on "refined management" and "3 new medication pathways" download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23320 Expert consensus on the management of Chinese adults with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease May 21, 2021 , the "2021 Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Frontier Progress Summit Forum" co-hosted by the Chinese National Health Association and the China Geriatrics Medical Research Association was held in Tianjin
.

The release of the "Expert Consensus on the Management of Adult Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Complicated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in China" is one of the important contents of this forum.
This consensus mainly includes 18 recommendations
.

 Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23906 Chinese Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (2021 Edition) Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is caused by slow autoimmune damage to pancreatic beta cells type of diabetes
.

According to the etiological classification, LADA should belong to the autoimmune subtype of type 1 diabetes
.

LADA does not depend on insulin treatment in the early stage, and it is easy to be misdiagnosed as type 2 diabetes
.

The prevalence of LADA in China is at a high level in the world, and the number of patients ranks first in the world
.

Early diagnosis and timely and correct intervention are beneficial to delay the progression of LADA
.

 In order to standardize the comprehensive management of LADA, the Endocrinology and Metabolism Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association and the National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases (Changsha) organized experts to revise the first version of the consensus and formed the "Chinese Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults".
2021 edition)", covering the epidemiology, genetics, immunological characteristics, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and classification, treatment and management of LADA
.

This consensus will help convey recent important clinical progress and guide clinical practice
.

 Related articles: The latest "diagnosis path" and "management flow chart", "LADA Chinese Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment (2021 Edition)" released! Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/24419 Expert consensus on reversal of type 2 diabetes by short-term intensive insulin therapy Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is reversible in the early stage
.

Short-term intensive insulin therapy can significantly improve islet β-cell function and insulin sensitivity, and is an effective means to reverse T2DM
.

In order to better guide the clinical practice of short-term intensive insulin therapy to reverse T2DM, the expert group has formed this consensus recommendation by systematically sorting out the existing clinical evidence and combining practical experience
.

 The definition of diabetes remission and hyperglycemia reversal is given in this consensus.
It is recommended to use short-term intensive insulin reversal therapy for eligible newly diagnosed T2DM patients or T2DM patients whose blood sugar cannot reach the target with the original treatment plan; during the short-term intensive insulin reversal therapy, the The goal is to normalize blood sugar; the course of intensive treatment is at least 2 weeks after the blood sugar reaches the target; after intensive treatment, the curative effect should be predicted based on the existing clinical evidence, and then an individualized follow-up management plan should be formulated
.

 Related article: "Expert Consensus on Reversal of Type 2 Diabetes with Short-Term Intensive Insulin Therapy" released! Involving 19 recommendations and 2 flowcharts download link: https://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/24474 Guidelines for the treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism with 131I (2021 version) The guiding ideology of innovation, inheritance, and keeping pace with the times is recommended based on the research progress and evidence in recent years; it is oriented by clinical problems, and the main increase is the interpretation of "problems".
Related article: "131I in the treatment of Graves" Hyperthyroidism Guide (2021 Edition) released! 41 recommended items, a summary of the article Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23152 Expert guidance on the initial dose adjustment period of basal insulin in adults with type 2 diabetes The initial insulin dose adjustment period is a key stage in reaching the treatment target
.

The risk of suboptimal HbA1c after 24 months increased if glycemic control was suboptimal in the first 3 months after insulin initiation
.

Therefore, adequate adjustment of the insulin dose during the initial dose adjustment period to optimize the blood glucose level can lay the foundation for achieving long-term good blood glucose control
.

 In order to better standardize the management of the initial adjustment period of basal insulin in China and further improve the glycemic control of T2DM patients receiving insulin therapy, clinical experts in the field of endocrine and metabolic diseases in China have jointly formulated the "Adult Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus" based on evidence-based medicine.
Expert Guidance on Basal Insulin Initial Dosage Adjustment Period" for the reference of clinicians
.

 Related article: How to set an insulin starting dose and how to adjust it? The latest "Expert Guidance" gives advice! Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/24349 Multidisciplinary Chinese Expert Consensus on Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes-Related Eye Diseases (2021 Edition) The "Chinese Journal of Diabetes" was released, and the consensus consists of four chapters, which systematically introduce diabetic retinopathy, diabetic cataract, diabetic keratopathy, and diabetic optic neuropathy
.

 Related Article: China Guide Update! Key points of diagnosis and treatment of "diabetic retinopathy", Yiwenqing download link: https://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/24690 Guidelines for Clinical Application of Biochemical Markers of Bone Turnover , Bone turnover imbalance is a key pathophysiological mechanism of a variety of skeletal diseases
.

Bone turnover biochemical markers (BTMs) are metabolites or enzymes produced in the process of bone turnover.
This guideline states BTMs measurement methods, normal values, and their use in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of various skeletal diseases, fracture risk prediction, and drug efficacy.
Evaluation and other applications
.

 Download link: https://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/24519 Guidelines for the Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer with 131I (2021 Edition) The evaluation system has been continuously updated.
In view of the current situation of DTC in China, the Nuclear Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Association organized an expert committee to revise the Guidelines for the Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer with 131I (2014 Edition), and formulated the Guidelines for the Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer with 131I.
Guidelines (2014 Edition)" in order to further standardize and guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of 131I in the treatment of DTC in China
.

 Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23157 Expert consensus on emergency diagnosis and treatment of thyroid storm Due to the lack of specific diagnostic indicators for thyroid storm, early diagnosis and treatment are difficult, resulting in a high mortality rate
.

In China, there is no relevant guideline or consensus to guide the diagnosis and treatment process
.

Therefore, the Emergency Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the Emergency Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Education Association and other organizations in the domestic emergency field established a consensus writing group, and jointly formulated the "Expert Consensus on the Emergency Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Storm", which aims to standardize the process of emergency diagnosis and treatment of thyroid storm.
, so as to achieve the purpose of early diagnosis, standardized treatment and reduction of mortality
.

 Related article: "Expert Consensus on Emergency Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Storm" released! Download link for diagnosis, evaluation and treatment: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23752 Chinese Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease (ESRD) main reason
.

In order to strengthen the prevention and treatment of DKD, the Chinese Society of Nephrology recently issued the "Chinese Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Diseases"
.

The guideline systematically introduces the diagnosis of DKD, renal biopsy, treatment and management, treatment of comorbidities, and rational application of commonly used drugs, reflecting the new trends and viewpoints of today's DKD diagnosis and treatment
.

 Related article: Chinese Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy Released, List of Recommended Points Download: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23007 Expert Consensus on Early Prediction and Diagnosis of Diabetic Nephropathy DKD refers to the disease caused by diabetes CKD is usually diagnosed clinically on the basis of elevated urinary albumin and/or decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate while excluding other CKDs
.

DKD is clinically characterized by progressive proteinuria, progressive decline in renal function, and severe renal failure in late stages.
It is one of the leading causes of death in patients with diabetes
.

A single screening index may have some defects in judging whether there is kidney damage, so clinicians should combine a variety of auxiliary examination methods to make a comprehensive judgment
.

At the same time, we should pay more attention to kidney damage in diabetic patients, standardize the evaluation of kidney damage in diabetic patients, and strengthen the early prediction and diagnosis of DKD
.

 Related Articles: Latest Consensus! "Prediction, Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy" download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23550 Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic neuropathy (2021 edition) Diabetic neuropathy is the most common chronic complication of diabetes, With the progress of clinical research on diabetic neuropathy, the classification, diagnosis and treatment of diabetic neuropathy have been updated to a certain extent in the world
.

Therefore, experts from the Neurological Complications Group of the Diabetes Branch of the Chinese Medical Association have written the "Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy (2021 Edition)"
.

This consensus introduces the epidemiology, pathogenesis, classification, screening and diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diabetic neuropathy (mainly distal symmetrical polyneuropathy and autonomic neuropathy), and gives key points for important parts It aims to guide and help clinicians carry out standardized comprehensive management of diabetic neuropathy, prevent and treat diabetic neuropathy early, and delay the progression of the disease
.

 Related article: How to choose a drug for painful DSPN? "Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy (2021 Edition)" Released! Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23694 Expert consensus on screening and prevention of diabetic microvascular disease at grassroots level (2021 edition) Experts organized by the Diabetes and Microcirculation Professional Committee of the Society, the Grassroots Diabetes Department of the Grassroots Health Branch of the China Association for the Promotion of International Medical and Health Care, and the Jiangsu Province Grassroots Endocrinology Department Incubation Alliance.
This consensus is formed by updating and revising in combination with the latest progress, aiming to promote the truly and effectively prevent and control the occurrence and development of diabetic microvascular disease in primary medical and health institutions, improve the quality of life of patients, and reduce the health and economic burden on patients' families and society
.

 Related article: Regarding "Screening and prevention of microvascular disease in primary diabetes", the 2021 version of the expert consensus is released! Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23520 Guidelines for Insulin Pump Therapy in China (2021 Edition) Insulin pump therapy is one of the important means of intensive insulin therapy, which can simulate the physiological secretion of human insulin to the greatest extent.
model to better achieve blood sugar management in diabetic patients
.

This edition of the Chinese insulin pump treatment guidelines is the fourth major update based on the 2009, 2010, and 2014 editions
.

The new version of the guideline not only highlights the operating techniques of new and classic insulin pump therapy, but also comprehensively covers issues closely related to insulin pump therapy, including diet and exercise management during insulin pump therapy, blood sugar monitoring, blood sugar control quality assessment, hypoglycemia.
Measures of blood glucose, insulin pump installation, management and maintenance both inside and outside the hospital
.

 Related Articles: The full text of "Guidelines for Insulin Pump Treatment in China (2021 Edition)" is released! Focus on "Glucose Control Targets, Insulin Dose Setting and Adjustment" download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/24107 Guidelines for Rational Drug Use at Grassroots Levels of Gout A group of diseases with a variety of damage, severe cases can be complicated by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, renal failure, and ultimately life-threatening.
It is an independent risk factor for diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, chronic kidney disease, and stroke
.

Recently, the "Guidelines for the Rational Medication of Gout at Primary Levels" was published in the "Chinese Journal of General Practitioners" to guide the rational use of gout by primary physicians
.

 Related Articles: New Releases! The download link of the guideline for "rational drug use at the grassroots level" for gout: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23636 The guideline for the rational drug use at the grassroots level for type 2 diabetes is published by the Chinese Medical Association, the Chinese Medical Association Clinical Pharmacy Branch, and the Journal of the Chinese Medical Association It was jointly compiled by the Society, the General Practice Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the editorial committee of the Chinese Journal of General Practitioners of the Chinese Medical Association, and the expert group for the compilation of guidelines for rational drug use in primary medical and health institutions
.

The "Guide" introduces a total of 37 types of drug treatment principles for type 2 diabetes, which are very suitable for reference by primary doctors
.

 Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23640 Expert Consensus on Clinical Medication of Diabetic Microcirculation Disorder (2021 Edition) Microcirculation disorder is one of the important pathophysiological foundations of chronic complications of diabetes, and early intervention should be made for it Helps prevent vascular complications of diabetes
.

In order to further deepen the understanding of diabetes microcirculation disorders and standardize the rational selection of drugs for improving diabetes microcirculation disorders by clinicians, the Diabetes and Microcirculation Professional Committee of the Chinese Society of Microcirculation, based on the progress of evidence-based medicine, has reviewed the "Clinical Drugs for Diabetes Microcirculation Disorders".
Expert Consensus was updated
.

 Related Articles: Two tables to quickly grasp the clinical medication of "diabetic microcirculation disorder" Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23085 Expert consensus on insulin application in primary type 2 diabetes diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that seriously threatens human health The prevalence of diabetes among people over 18 years old in China has reached 11.
2%
.

Insulin is one of the most effective hypoglycemic drugs, especially when the patient's pancreatic islet function is gradually declining, oral hypoglycemic drugs are ineffective or contraindicated, exogenous insulin supplementation is a very necessary means
.

Primary doctors need to keep abreast of the latest progress in insulin, master and apply knowledge of insulin therapy
.

This consensus applies to the standard application of insulin therapy by medical staff in primary medical and health institutions to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which helps primary doctors to give priority to using insulin therapy with stable hypoglycemia, low risk of hypoglycemia, and good patient compliance.
, so that patients can fully benefit from insulin therapy and promote the management of diabetes at the grassroots level
.

 Related article: "Expert Consensus on Insulin Application in Grassroots Type 2 Diabetes" released! Attached is the download link of the "Simple Dose Adjustment Method and Program Conversion Path": http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23782 Guidelines for Rational Drug Use at Primary Levels of Osteoporosis Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and bone tissue Systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by increased bone fragility and susceptibility to fractures is manifested by microstructural damage
.

Osteoporosis can occur at any age, but is more common in postmenopausal women and older men
.

Osteoporosis is divided into two categories: primary and secondary according to the etiology.
This guideline mainly focuses on primary osteoporosis
.

 Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23516 Guidelines for Rational Drug Use at Primary Levels of Hypothyroidism Hypometabolic syndrome
.

This "Guide" aims to guide the rational drug use of hypothyroidism at the grassroots level
.

 Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23508 Guidelines for Rational Drug Use at Grassroots Levels of Hyperthyroidism Referred to as hyperthyroidism
.

This "Guide" aims to guide the rational drug use of hyperthyroidism at the grassroots level
.

 Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23504 Guidelines for Rational Drug Use at Primary Levels of Obesity Obesity refers to excessive total and/or local content and abnormal distribution of body fat, which is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
chronic metabolic diseases caused
by
Obesity is characterized by three aspects: increased number of adipocytes, dysregulation of body fat distribution, and localized fat deposition
.

This "Guide" aims to guide the rational drug use of obesity at the grassroots level
.

 Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23507 Expert consensus on health management of menopausal women (primary version) In order to standardize the health management of menopausal women in primary medical institutions, identify and actively intervene in menopause-related problems early to reduce health issues, laying the foundation for health in old age
.

The community and grass-roots branch of Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Society organized experts to formulate the "Expert Consensus on Menopause Women's Health Management (Basic Edition)" based on evidence-based medicine, the status quo of grass-roots medical institutions, and relevant guidelines for menopause management
.

Menopausal women's health management mainly includes the establishment of health records, systematic health education, regular health checks, general health care guidance and drug treatment
.

The release of this consensus is of great significance for improving the health management of menopausal women in primary medical institutions
.

 Related article: Menopause Syndrome - Primary Doctors Perform MHT Treatment, Follow These 6 Principles Download: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/22688 Expert Consensus on Multidisciplinary Management of Adrenal Accidental Tumors The prevalence of adrenal accidental tumors (AI) is on the rise
.

Important issues such as the identification of benign and malignant AI, functional evaluation, surgical indications, and follow-up observation are of great significance for improving the efficiency of AI diagnosis and treatment and improving the prognosis of patients, but there is still a lack of guiding norms in China
.

AI management requires multidisciplinary collaboration such as endocrinology, imaging, urology, pathology, oncology, etc.
Therefore, this consensus is formulated to provide a reference for the whole-process management of AI patients
.

 Related article: "Expert Consensus on Multidisciplinary Management of Adrenal Accidental Tumors" was released, involving 24 recommendations and three flowcharts.
Glycogen storage disease type Ⅱ is the only glycogen storage disease known to belong to lysosomal storage disease
.

Children with glycogen storage disease type Ⅱ have different ages of onset and complex symptoms.
Early diagnosis and early treatment can better control the disease
.

In order to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of glycogen storage disease type II in children, relevant experts from the Endocrine Genetic Metabolism Group of the Pediatric Branch of the Chinese Medical Association organized relevant experts on the basis of the 2013 version of the expert consensus, combined with the recent 10 years at home and abroad about children with glycogen storage disease type II.
Based on the latest research progress in diagnosis and treatment of Glycogenosis type 2 and the clinical experience of relevant Chinese experts, an expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of glycogen storage disease type II in children suitable for China's national conditions has been formulated
.

 Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23583 Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency (2020 Edition) In the past 20 years, the diagnosis and treatment of adult growth hormone deficiency (GHD) by international endocrinology groups and experts , treatment, benefits, and safety have been discussed many times and a series of clinical guidelines have been developed
.

There are few studies on adult GHD in China, the clinical cognition is still shallow, and the attention is not enough
.

In order to improve the understanding of adult GHD and standardize the diagnosis and treatment, the Pituitary Group of the Endocrinology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association has drafted and completed this expert consensus after expert discussions
.

 Related article: "Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults (2020 Edition)" Released! Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/22423 Chinese Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Acromegaly (2021 Edition) "Chinese Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Acromegaly (2021 Edition)" combines domestic and foreign research on pituitary growth hormone adenomas Progress, evidence-based evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly, and China's national conditions, aim to standardize the early screening, diagnosis and treatment of complications, and long-term follow-up of patients with acromegaly, and strengthen the multidisciplinary cooperative diagnosis and treatment model and the concept of individualized diagnosis and treatment
.

 Download link: http://guide.
medlive.
cn/guideline/23838