Technology as a medium Potato tubers can't escape the "beauty off"

experiments that use "seducing technology"In fact, any single method iseffective control of potato tubers and insects. To this end, Gao Yulin said, they have developed a "sex-inducing potato tubers green prevention and control comprehensive technology", which integrates a number of technologies for potato tubers in different stages of prevention and control.
this summer, Yunnan's persistent drought has brought more potato tubers than in previous years. Looking out, once rich "golden beans" but turned into a thousand holes in the "black beans", farmers face sad clouds.
potato tubers are an important potato economic pest. "When finished potatoes are mothed, there's no one on the market; if they're grown, it's going to directly inhibit potato growth." Mei Yugui, a potato grower in Xihaizi village in the Malong District of Qujing City, Yunnan Province, told china Science Daily that he had suffered heavy losses but was helpless with the mules.
"Comprehensive technology for green prevention and control of potato tubers based on sex induces" developed by Gao Yulin, a researcher at the Institute of Plant Protection of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, solves Mei Yugui's "big problem". Since last year, under the guidance of Gao Yulin's team, Mei Yugui has selected a portion of the technology from more than 500 acres of field. "Relatively speaking, I've lost the least this year." Mei Yugui said he plans to expand the test area this year.area of potato cultivation in China is about 100 million mu, the annual output of about 100 million tons, are the world's first. In 2015, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs formally proposed a potato staple food strategy.
In China's Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Inner Mongolia and other economically underdeveloped areas, because of the complex terrain, poor soil fertility, drought and water shortage, not suitable for other crops, so potato cultivation has become the local first choice. As a result, potatoes have become an important food and economic source for the local population.
, however, the frequent invasion of potato tubers makes farmers miserable.
potato tubers are "alien species", also known as potato moths, tobacco subliminal leaves, commonly known in China as cross-skin worms, embroidery worms, potato ticks. According to records, it originated in the mountains of South America, that is, the origin of wild potatoes and tobacco, through a long process of transmission, in 1937 in China's Guangxi region for the first time found traces, and then gradually invaded Yunnan, Guizhou and other places. Today, almost all of the main potato-producing regions have its presence.
yulin studied potato tubers for many years. He told China Science that potato tubers have a wide range of hosts, including tobacco, tomatoes, peppers, eggplants and many other aubergine crops, but the most serious damage to potatoes, can eat leaves, stalks, tubers. Potato tubers can be harmful, whether during the field growth or storage period of potatoes. The former can reduce potato production by 20% to 30%, and in the storage period of up to 4 months, if not refrigerated, the damage rate can reach 100%, causing serious economic losses.
in order to find out the breeding situation of potato tubers, in recent years, Gao Yulin team in Yunnan pest high-risk area set up a number of monitoring points. They found that potato tubers can reproduce a generation in 20 to 30 days, and larvae can lay 150 to 200 eggs at a time.
Yanli, an expert on potato pests and diseases in China and a professor at Yunnan Agricultural University, told The China Science Daily that the pest is spread mainly over long distances and at close range. The former is brought into the country through the transfer of potatoes, especially seed potatoes, while the latter comes mainly from local roasted tobacco and potato tubers left in the fields that have been damaged.
the larvae of the potato tubers are most damaged to the potatoes. Larvae can eat leaves, stalks, leaf shanks, and can eat tunnels on potato tubers. Potato tubers first hatch larvae first sneak into the leaf meat for food, as the age increases, climb out of the leaf meat fell to the ground, and eventually drilled into and eroded the tubers. The elderly larvae drill into the ground to harm potato tubers.
"It's both an aboveground pest and an underground pest. Gao Yulin said, "This pest 'hidden' type of invasion also makes the larvae stage of prevention and control more difficult." Itcommon aspiration of researchers and farmers to eliminate potato tubers.
Yang Yanli said the main prevention and control measures are spraying insecticides in the fields and using bromomethane fumigation in seed potato warehouses. "Covering the film in fields with little water content in the soil to reduce the harm of tuber larvae to potatoes has limited effect. In addition, pesticides are ineffective for larvae drilled into potato chips. When
are serious, they advise farmers not to grow potatoes in the area where the tubers occur, to switch to corn or other crops, and to grow potatoes at different stages in the roasting tobacco-growing areas. They also recommend banning the production and sale of potato seed potatoes in areas where tubers occur to avoid "infecting" pests.
" in fact, any single approach is difficult to achieve effective control. To this end, Gao Yulin said, they have developed a "sex-inducing potato tubers green prevention and control comprehensive technology", which integrates a number of technologies for potato tubers in different stages of prevention and control.
For example, for larvae, the current screening of more effective microbial insecticides such as white rigid bacteria, larvae will be infected and die after contact, but also screening out the effective killing of larvae, are used in potato tuber larvae green prevention and control technology.
, however, they have no effect on the insects. Gao Yulin said that the chemical control effect is not ideal because the larvae of potato tubers are drilled into the host's interior. The long-term use of chemical agents may make pests resistant, kill natural enemies, pollute the environment and destroy ecosystems. Facing the problems brought about by the application of chemical agents, it is very important to reduce the efficiency of chemical pesticides and the green development of potatoes.
researchers have another good idea to "deal with" insects, both to make enemies, but also green environmental protection.
Gao Yulin told reporters that potato tubers and larvae at the end of the abdomen secrete a low-volume, high-efficiency chemical that lures the opposite sex to mate, short for sex information. When the male worm "smells" the chemical, it "thinks" that the other side is sending a courtship signal, and immediately flies to the female. Based on this characteristic, the team identified the main informational composition of female potato tubers and obtained the best sex inducing formula through years of field screening.
do I apply it? Gao Yulin introduced, the specific operation is very simple, the micro-information is placed on the surface of the plastic plate coated with glue, and the plastic plate placed in the field to form a "trap", only for the male insects to cast their own nets.
Gao Yulin image of this technology as "seducing technology", "in the realization of a large number of trapping at the same time, but also to carry out pest detection, pest quarantine, interference with mating.""seducing technology" by the 2018 launch of the national key research and development program focused on special "potato fertilizer pesticide reduction technology integration research and demonstration" support. Gao Yulin is the subject leader of the chemical pesticide reduction and application common technology in this project.
the technology is currently being demonstrated in the Malone district of Yunnan province, Gao said it is not easy for local farmers to accept a new technology. As a result, they provide free technology and guidance to farmers, "to show farmers, with farmers dry, when they see the real effect of the technology in potato tubers prevention and control, it is easier to accept."
Gao Yulin also stressed that The Malone District is a key poverty-poor county, in the region to carry out potato pest green control technology promotion and demonstration, help to improve the overall production capacity of the local potato, promote the stable development of the potato industry, agricultural efficiency and farmers increase income, "to provide scientific and technological support for the industry is also our scientific and technological workers should do the work."
, by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang University and other units of the relevant experts to form the results appraisal committee to the demonstration area for "assessment." The expert group agreed that the technology has a remarkable effect on pest control, reaching the international advanced level in the formulation of potato tubers, and recommended that the results of this technology be widely extended in areas affected by potato tubers.
, the Group also stated that the technology did not use any chemical pesticides and provided important technical support to ensure the reduction and efficiency of potato chemical pesticides.
, a researcher at the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, is a member of the expert group. He told China Science Daily after the field visit: "The application of inducing technology is equivalent to interfering with the normal mating of females in the field, many eggs produced by females can not hatch into larvae because of reduced mating rate." After a year or two of application of such a technology, the number of potato tubers will be greatly reduced, the harm will be reduced, so that 'seducing technology' is a very promising prevention and control measures. However
Mr Gao said that while the technology had been optimized as much as possible, procedures needed to be simplified and costs reduced in order to achieve the best results at the lowest doses and make it more acceptable to farmers. To this end, they are working with enterprises to explore the road of industrialization.