Basic knowledge of color mixing, color matching, color matching and toning

First, the basic knowledge of color
color: that is, the human response to the eye retina received light, in the brain produced a certain feeling.
Hue: Refers to the name that can more accurately represent a color, color, is the main difference between color and color. Such as: red, yellow, blue, etc

.
: also known as saturation or color, used to distinguish the brightness of colors. It can be understood as the proportion of colored and anticolored components in color. The higher the content of colored ingredients, the purer the color and the higher the saturation, and the higher the content of the color-eliminating components (which refer to colors of other components that complement each other and can be mixed into white light), the grayer the color and the lower the saturation. Monochrome in spectral colors has the highest saturation of 100% because it does not contain color-eliminating components, while white, standard gray, and black all contain colors that are antichromic, so saturation is lowest, 0 or no saturation.
: also known as lightness, which indicates the intensity of light reflected on the surface of a colored object, distinguishing between the intensity and lightness of the color. The stronger (or less absorbed) an object reflects light, the brighter it is, and the weaker or more absorbent the object reflects light, the lower the brightness. White objects are bright because they almost absorb light and reflect it all out;
: The general color changes from yellow-orange-red-green-blue-indigo-purple-black to darker and darker in terms of depth and brightness. The three elements of color are interrelated. The color determines the quality, brightness and purity of the color. Any color that determines its color, saturation, and brightness can be completely precise about what color it is. If one of the features changes, so does the color, describing or determining a color must determine its hue, purity, and brightness.
three primary colors: dyeing, we are familiar with the color dye is: red, yellow, blue, television screen with red, green, blue three colors to color. All three of the colors they use have the characteristic that no two-color blend can get a third color. We call the three colors with this characteristic three primary colors, one of which is called the primary color. In the application, it is usually required to select the three primary colors mixed to obtain a color scale, can contain all the colors, but in fact (such as dye production), due to the performance or dosing of dyes limited, with red, yellow, blue three primary colors are difficult to achieve very dark and pure black, so in addition to the three primary colors, often need to add a black to increase depth and darkness.two process colors: added and subtracted.
Addition Mixing:
is a mixture of two or more colors at the same point in the human eye retina that shoots (or rapidly alternates) into two or more beams of light, creating the feeling of another color that is different from the color of those light, and it is a processing method that superimposes the color > light<
the hue of the mixed light depends on the hue in which each light is mixed and their relative strength, such as:
red and green light can be mixed with yellow or orange light.
if two beams of light are mixed in an appropriate proportion to produce white light, such as red and blue-green, then the colors of the two beams of light are called complementary colors.
the three primary colors of the addition are red, green, and blue.
colors on the TV screen are obtained by mixing red, green and blue primary colors by addition.
Subtracted Mixing:
is a dye that superimposes two or more colored objects into different colors, and the dyes we use often have the characteristic that
can selectively absorb light from certain bands (or colors) in the visible spectrum.
So, the color of the dye is that it absorbs a part of the color light in the light source after the remaining color light is shown, such as yellow dyes so show yellow, because it absorbs green, blue and other shorter wavelengths of light.
it is precisely because of this absorbentity of the dye that the mixture of the two dyes will show a smaller brightness than before the mix, so it is subtracted.
, the colors produced by the print are also produced by subtracting the inks of various colors.
the three primary colors of the subtract blend are cyan, maung maung, yellow, they are addition mixed three primary colors (red, green, blue) complement color.Average blend of
colors: The average blend of
colors can be explained by the example of a gyro:
first put several colors on the gyro, yellow and blue and then quickly rotate the gyro, then we see the color will be green, it is yellow and blue two colors in the visual response time of the human eye frequently act on the retina produced by an effect (or illusion).
result of this blend only makes the phase blend change, and the overall brightness does not change, so it is an average blend.
:
three ways of color mixing in different occasions each useful, master their role law, we can make the world become colorful, colorful.
addition process color three primary colors:
red, green, blue, subtracted process color three primary colors:
mamedrogen, yellow, cyan
three primary colors are independent of each other, neither of which can be matched with the other two.
addition of the three primary colors and subtract the three primary colors of the process color complement each other, that is:
red and cyan, green and maung, yellow and blue, complement each other.
in the printing and dyeing industry, is the use of several dyes mixed color, it belongs to subtracted color.three color matching (color)
dye spelling three primary colors:
red, yellow, blue.
(here red, yellow, and blue are the primary color mast, yellow, and green that refer to subtracted and mixed colors, respectively).
two different primary colors can be used to spell orange, green, purple, called it a secondary color.
can be flattened with two different secondary colors, or any one of the primary colors and black or gray to get three colors.
the following points should be paid attention to when coloring: the nature of
fibers:
due to different fiber structure, the nature is also different, so it is necessary to choose dyes suitable for the properties of fibers.
such as dyeing cotton with activity, dyeing polyester with dispersion and so on.
should try to choose the same type of dye when coloring, which is conducive to the simplification and operation of the dyeing process.
dyes should have similar dyeing properties.
such as:
directness, dyeing rate, diffusion, dyeing fastness, etc. , otherwise after dyeing color light is different, in the process of use of different degrees of fading.
the number of dyes used in color collation should be as few as possible, in order to control color light, color spelling is best not to exceed three dyes.
If the dye itself has been mixed by a few dyes, when using this dye as the main color, the choice of color-collage dye as far as possible is the dye mixing ingredients, in order to reduce the number of dyes.
consider the fastness of the dyes.
include:
sunbathing, washing, wet friction, sweat stains, water stains fastness.
to consider the production situation of the workshop, the selected dyes to facilitate the production of the workshop.
consider the cost.
select the lowest cost dyes when the customer's quality requirements are met.
to consider the same light spectrum.
are mainly demanding customers.
to master the residual color principle.
residual color, that is, the two colors have the characteristics of mutual reduction, such as purple light blue, think purple light is too weak, can add some residual color (yellow dye) to reduce, it is worth noting that:
residual color theory only adapts to adjust the color light is only a small amount of adjustment, otherwise too much use will affect the color depth and brightness. five pairs of colors
color pair method:
select the corresponding light source;
model must remain indescent;
models and standard plates are placed in the center of the light box;
places the standard plate on the right side of the model;
places the model and the standard plate in parallel with the color watcher; and
is in a 45-degree angle between the model and the visual orientation. five color
the key to color
first to find out what is the main color and secondary color material?
we call the dye that determines the color depth the main color, and the dye that adjusts the color color and brightness the secondary color.
the main and secondary colors, you get all the colors you need.
the main color material and the secondary color material is only relative, that is, the main color material can not be completely single, the secondary color material is not completely two simultaneous existence.
such as:
main color material and secondary color material to be a good match, in order to get the desired results.
a color, the dye is determined, and the relationship between its primary and secondary colors exists.
, only the most appropriate proportions can get the best results of the color.
you adjust the main and secondary colors to get better results faster when you're adjusting your colors?
It is best to divide into two cases, one is the secondary color material and the main color material ratio is larger (greater than 10%), that is, the color is darker, this situation is relatively simple, according to the addition and subtract of each individual dye can be calculated.
the other case is that the secondary color material and the main color material is relatively small (less than or equal to 10%) of the case is more vivid, the adjustment formula is best adjusted according to the ratio of the secondary color material to the main color material.
especially if the proportion is less than 1%, the color-tuning guts are larger, less than the current use, you can wave back.
to increase is to make great strides forward, multiply development, do not heartache.
in the actual coloring process, attention is paid to the effect of the change of dye concentration on the change of dye depth and the effect of dye saturation on the color adjustment.
When for light, dark and medium-dark colors, if you need to increase the same medium depth, light color amplitude, dark color is greater than medium-dark color, when the dye concentration reaches the dye saturation concentration, then increase the dye concentration on the color change is not much, but because the dye concentration is too large, will cause the accumulation of dyes resulting in a decrease in the amount.