The cause of the rise of amylase and lipase

Amylase and lipase are digestive enzymes As the name suggests, amylase breaks down edible starch, and lipase helps digest dietary fat The pancreas produces these enzymes in large quantities and secretes them into the small intestine Although there are many diseases that cause abnormal levels of these enzymes in the blood, pancreatic diseases are the most common cause of elevated amylase and lipase Pancreatitis pancreatitis is a medical term describing inflammation of the pancreas The pancreas produces digestive enzymes and glucose related hormones insulin and glucagon Acute pancreatitis occurs suddenly, usually due to gallstones passing through the common bile duct Together with the pancreatic duct, the common bile duct carries digestive enzymes and bile to the small intestine Choledocholithiasis can increase pancreatic duct pressure and cause pancreatitis Acute pancreatitis can lead to a surge in blood levels of amylase and lipase Chronic pancreatitis involves persistent inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term excessive drinking Blood amylase and lipase usually increase with chronic pancreatitis Pancreatic cancer pancreatic cancer may cause the rise of blood amylase and lipase, because of the impact on the ductal system in the pancreas According to the report of the American Cancer Association, there were more than 50000 new pancreatic cancer patients in the United States in 2016, and pancreatic cancer was the fourth most common cause of cancer death that year Symptoms of pancreatic cancer include weight loss, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or back pain, and greasy stools Severe abdominal trauma may lead to pancreatic injury and sudden rise of blood amylase and lipase A study published in the Canadian Journal of surgery claims that the death rate from pancreatic injury is about 2-17% The secretion of pancreatic enzymes and hormones may decrease after pancreatic injury Intestinal infarction is a potential cause of the increase of blood amylase and lipase levels When suffering from this disease, part of the digested food and feces are difficult to pass through the intestine Tumors, lack of peristalsis, kinks, hernias, and scar tissue may cause intestinal infarction Amylase and lipase often increase with the disease, which is caused by intestinal digestive fluid blockage The medical term for cholecystitis is cholecystitis Cholecystitis is most often caused by gallstones, which often causes the rise of blood amylase and lipase Acute cholecystitis usually causes pain and tenderness in the right upper abdomen, and may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, fever, and agitation Chronic cholecystitis involves persistent inflammation of the gallbladder Patients with this disease often experience repeated pain in the right upper abdomen Although tenderness may occur, there is usually no fever.