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Recently, several media reports that Singapore's new crown outbreak has not occurred, but also encountered the most serious dengue outbreak in history, the cumulative number of infection cases has exceeded 20,000 cases.
Singapore's National Environment Agency said: "From the latest week's confirmed data, an average of six minutes will be confirmed 1 case of dengue fever, the death rate has exceeded the new crown, can be described as The most serious situation in Singapore since the record of dengue cases, can be described as a wave of uneven, wave after wave." dengue fever,
, is an acute insect-borne infection caused by mosquito-borne transmission of dengue virus, which can lead to recessive infection, dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever.
typical dengue fever, clinical manifestations of high fever, headache, muscle, bone joint severe soreness, some patients can develop rashes, bleeding tendency, lymph node swelling, white blood cell count reduction, platelet reduction and so on.
disease is mainly prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macao and other places in China are dengue fever endemic areas.
because the disease is spread by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, so the epidemic has a certain seasonality, generally in May to November of each year, the peak in July to September.
in the new endemic areas, the population is generally susceptible, but the incidence is mainly adults, in the local endemic areas, the incidence is mainly children.
dengue virus is a genus of the yellow virus, for single-stranded positive-chain RNA virus, the virus is resistant to low temperatures, but not heat-resistant, 30 minutes at 50 degrees C or 2 minutes at 100 degrees C can be inactivated.
has isolated four serotypes of dengue virus, all of which are pathogenic.
aedes aegypti mosquitoes(including Aedes aegypti and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes) commonly known as "flower mosquitoes" are their main hosts, with patients and recessive infections as the main sources of infection.
patients are most infectious within 1 to 3 days of onset.
dengue fever has a self-limiting tendency and usually has a good prognosis, but some patients progress toward severity cases, with many deaths coming from heavy patients. Obesity is one of many different risk factors
affect the progression of dengue fever.
in many dengue-endemic countries, the number of obese people is increasing, however, there is currently little research on the link between severe dengue fever and obesity.
a recent article published in Journal of The Infection reviewed the relationship between obesity and heavy dengue disease.
the review explains how obesity promotes the mechanism of virus disease in four main ways.
first, AMP-Protein Kinasse (AMP-Protein Kinase), is a key regulatory target for cell energy steady state, one of the main functions is to regulate lipid metabolism, as shown in Figure 1: obesity reduces amp protein kinase and causes lipid sinnuse to accumulate in the nemesis network, thereby promoting viral replication, and there are two potential mechanisms in this process. First, the rise of sugar, lipids and proteins in obese people will cause the phosphorylation and ubiquitinization of certain amino acid residues to reduce the activity of AMP protein kinase, and second, the chronic inflammation of the body of obese people caused by the rise of interlein-6 and tumor necrosis causers make AMP protein kinase activity decreased, they indirectly promote the replication of the virus.
second, as shown in Figure 2, the pro-inflammatory fat factor (pro-inflammatory fat factor( PIA) that occurs in obese individuals over time can cause endothelial and platelet dysfunction, which will promote the progression of severe dengue fever.
the production of excess reactive oxygen (ROS) in the body of obese people in addition to causing chronic inflammation, but also through the endothelial damage to the polysaccharides are caused by the endothelial dysfunction.
fourth, obesity reduces NK cell function and B-cell and T-cell response through immunomodulation, and improves susceptibility to reactions to inflammatory cytokines after viral infection.
, obesity can cause stronger viral proliferation and greater tissue damage in the human body through these mechanisms than the general population, both of which can lead to the development of severe dengue fever.
the four mechanisms outlined in this review can serve as a reference point for studying the link between obesity and heavy dengue fever, and identify potential treatment strategies that can reduce the severity of the disease.
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