The development of micro-ecological preparations.

With the development of micro-ecology theory.
micro-ecological agents, or micro-eco-regulators microecogial modulators, have also developed rapidly.
since Elie Mechnikoff promoted the healthy and longevity of drinking sour milk in Europe at the beginning of this century, micro-ecological preparations have also become popular around the world.
the 1970s, Volkor rusch of Germany established the Institute of Microeconomics in Helburn and engaged in the research and application of ecotherapy for living bacteria such as Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus and E. coli.
the development of micro-ecological preparations in Japan is rapid.
the early 1980s, 26 micro-ecological products were used in medical and health care.
other countries have also put a variety of micro-ecological products on the market, and the quantity and variety are also expanding.
the earliest use of micro-ecological preparations in China to treat intestinal disorders.
the early 1980s, Professor Kang Bai of Dalian Medical University first developed the successful development of bacillus -bacillus (wax-stick bud bacillus), after a variety of live micro-ecological preparations have been successfully developed.
and put on the market, these micro-ecological preparations came out, it has been widely concerned and welcomed by people, and with amazing speed, good results by more people accepted.
main reason is because the preparation can correct micro-ecological imbalance, regulate the human micro-ecological balance, play a major role in disease-assisted treatment, disease-free prevention, disease-free health care.
1. Definitions and types of micro-ecological preparations Micro-ecological preparations Are, under the guidance of micro-ecological theory, adjust micro-ecological imbalances (microeubiosis) to improve the health of hosts (people, animals and plants) or to improve the health of bio-living bacteria (microbes) and their metabolites, as well as substances that promote the growth and reproduction of these physiological microbiomes.
has now been divided into three types internationally, namely probiotics, probiotics and synbiotics.
probiotics, also known as probiotics, are living bacterial preparations and their metabolites that play a beneficial role in improving the ecological balance of the host intestinal bacteriobiota after input.
In recent years, a variety of probiotic live bacteria preparations have been developed at home and abroad, the basic guiding ideology is to use human or animal normal physiological microbiota (normal microbiota) members, after species selection and artificial reproduction, through various ways and dosage forms to make live bacteria preparations, and then in the way of input to bring it back to the original environment, play a natural physiological role.
The probiotics currently used in the human body are Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus, E. coli, Bacillus coli, paraffin-like E. coli, lich bud Cytobacteria, Clostridium difficile butyric acid and yeast.
probiotics are substances that selectively promote the growth and reproduction of one or more beneficial bacteria (probiotics) in the host intestine, and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria through the growth of beneficial bacteria, thus adjusting the intestinal bacteriota and promoting the health of the body.
first discovered of these substances was the bifidus factor.
such as various oligosaccharides, or oligosaccharides.
common in the world are lactulose, oligosucrose cotton oligofaffinose, oligomaltose, corn oligossacharides, and soybean oligosaccha-rides.
These sugars are neither digested and absorbed by the human digestive system, nor are they decomposed and utilized by the gut bacteria, but can only be used for beneficial intestinal bacteria such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus, promoting the growth and reproduction of beneficial bacteria, inhibiting the growth of harmful bacteria, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the normal intestinal bacteria.
Other organic acids and their salts, such as glucosic acid and calcium glucosate, as well as some chinese herbal medicines, such as ginseng, party ginseng, jaundice and other tea extracts can also play a probiotic role.
synbiotics are preparations in which probiotics and probiotics coexist.
Such products are probiotics and probiotics used at the same time, after taking to the intestines can make the entry of probiotics in the role of probiotics, reproduction increased, making it more conducive to play a beneficial role in disease resistance, health care.
such preparations have been on the market in China, and there is a gradual increase in the trend, of which "Hillchun multi-health" is a typical representative.
2, the domestic and foreign research and production of micro-ecological preparations as early as the beginning of this century (1907) famous bacteriologist Mechenikov put forward the hypothesis that drinking yogurt can extend the life of the year, but micro-ecological preparations are really used to prevent and control diseases is nearly 20 years.
Japan is one of the earlier countries in the world to develop and utilize micro-ecological preparations, whose products are mainly Bifidobacteria live bacteria preparations.
in the early 1970s, Bifidobacteria live bacterial preparations were used in clinical treatment of diarrhoea.
26 products from the 1980s to the mid-1980s and reached saturation in the 1990s.
reported that more than 10 companies have produced such preparations in Japan with an annual output value of more than 20 billion yen.
its varieties are divided into three categories.
as Bifidobacteria foods (including Bifidos yogurt, Bifidobacteria dairy products, Bifidobacteria bread and biscuits).
Bifidobacteria health food (including Bifidobacteria), specific health foods centered on Bifidobacteria progenitic factors (including fortified oligosaccharide foods and extracts of Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus cultures, etc.) and Bifidobacteria drugs (including monobacterial preparations and colicoal preparations), the dosage form of powders, agents, ingots, capsules and microcapsules and many other.
many other countries, such as Germany, the United States, France, Italy, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Russia and South Korea, also have different types of micro-ecological preparations products, some products in recent years have entered the Chinese market.
But at present, the main direction of developing new micro-ecological products in the world has shifted from simple "probiotics" or "probiotics" to the aspect of "cosmics" with reasonable structure and better effect.
is the "probiotic" and "probiotic" co-existing or co-use of the preparation.
Japan reported: Experimental studies have shown that the effect of adding bifidobacteria factors (e.g. various types of lycosaccharides) to Bifidobacteria live bacteria preparations is 10 to 100 times higher than that of unsized preparations.
, new dosage forms, such as intestinal capsules and microcapsules, are being developed to make live bacterial preparations more stable.
not only do they keep live bacteria alive in products, but they also pass through the stomach acid barrier when taken by the body.
to ensure that more probiotics enter the intestines to make them work.
, increase the number of live bacteria in the live bacteria preparation (108 to 109/g).
In addition, some countries are using molecular biology and genetic engineering techniques to transform the genetic genes of physiological bacteria, transfer exogenetic beneficial genes into physiological bacteria, and build excellent engineering strains, etc., so as to develop more effective new micro-ecological agents for the benefit of mankind.
with the development of microeconomic theory.
research and development of micro-ecological preparations in China has also developed rapidly in recent years.
The domestic has been approved for the drug quasi-word of a single strain of products are lyphoseric, back to spring (Bifidobacteria), gold Bifidobacteria( Bifidobacteria), probiotics (wax-like Cytobacteria), whole intestines (lipobacteria), fat-lowering (E. coli), antibacterial (bacillus) and so on.
multibacterial co-preparations are Pfeisium (Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus acidophilus, streptococcus fecal) and lactobacillus (wax-like Cytobacteria and Cheese Cheese) and so on.
are isomerized lactose and lute polysaccharides.
as a preparation for health-care drugs and health-care foods, not to name a few.
3, the main action of micro-ecological preparations Micro-ecological preparations and other drugs, in theory, it is superior to antibiotics, overcoming the application of antibiotics caused by bacteriocyte disorders, the increase of drug-resistant strains and the toxic side effects of drugs.
Practice has proved that the superiority of micro-ecological preparations, that is, healthy people use it to improve health quality, improve health level, to achieve the goal of disease prevention and treatment, its action of the following factors: (1), ecological balance theory micro-ecology believes that the human body, animal and plant body table and the body is home to a large number of normal microbiome.
a micro-ecosystem with a host, a normal microbiome, and an external environment.
under normal conditions, the system is in a dynamic equilibrium state.
this aspect is beneficial to the host and can assist the host in carrying out certain physiological processes, on the other hand, it is beneficial to the living microorganisms, so that it maintains a certain microbial community combination, to maintain its growth and reproduction.
in the micro-community level in the micro-ecosystem, a few dominant groups play a decisive role in the whole community, while the dominant individuals in the micro-population play a controlling role in the whole community.
the micro-community disintegies once the dominant population is lost for a variety of reasons.
if the dominant individual is lost, the dominant population changes and the micro-ecological balance is changed.
, for example, due to antibiotics, radiation therapy, surgery and allergic disorders caused by normal microbiota changes, micro-ecological balance was destroyed, that is, ecological and bacteriologic disorders, resulting in a series of clinical symptoms.
such as double infection and reduced immunity.
using the probiotics of the members of the normal microbial superiority bacterium in the host body, the micro-ecological preparations made can regulate the dysfunctional bacterium, so that the micro-ecological balance of normal in the host body can be achieved, so as to achieve the goal of disease prevention and treatment.
(2), biological barrier theory Biological barrier theory is also known as biological antagonism theory, the normal bacterium in the intestine is directly involved in the body's biological defense barrier structure, including chemical barrier and biological barrier, biological barrier refers to the main bacteria in the intestine metabolites such as acetic acid, lactic acid, propic acid, hydrogen peroxide and bacteria and other active substances, can prevent or kill pathogenic microorganisms in the body.
Biological barrier is a biofilm-like structure that is specified as a normal microbiome planted between mucous membranes or skin epithelial cells, which affects the planting, location, growth and reproduction of passing bacteria or foreign diseases through the protective effect of implantation.
in micro-ecological preparations are members of this normal bacterial group and can participate in the structure of the biological barrier and play a biological antagonist role.
(3), biological oxygenation theory According to the natural planting law of the normal microbiome, a person or animal is born sterile and is planted by a series of microbial bacteria shortly after birth.
the order of planting is first aerobic bacteria, then anaerobic bacteria, followed by anaerobic bacteria.
anaerobic bacteria can not be planted first, because there is too much oxygen in the natural life.
after a period of growth of aerobic or anaerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria can grow because oxygen is consumed in large quantities, thus providing conditions for anaerobic growth.
anaerobic bacteria can not be planted first, but the entire micro-ecosystem in the number of the first place, and maintain a certain ecological balance.
The use of non-toxic, harmless, non-pathogenic microorganisms (such as wax-stick cytobacteria, etc.) temporarily planted in the intestine, so that the local environment oxygen molecular concentration decreased, redox may decrease, resulting in suitable for normal intestinal advantage bacteria growth of the micro-environment, promote anaerobic bacteria breeding and growth, and ultimately reach the micro-ecological balance.
(4), third-rate cycle theory The main content of the third-rate cycle is energy flow, material flow and gene flow cycle.
energy flow, i.e. energy, and the internality of the normal microbiome maintains an energy exchange and operation relationship with its host.
has now proposed a branch of eco-energy that studies the relationship between humans, plants and animals and normal microorganisms.
the exchange of energy between normal microorganisms and normal microorganisms.
in recent years, it has been found from the observation of electron microscopes that microvilli in human and animal intestinal cortectial cells is very close to pili on the walls of normal bacterial cells, and that there is a material exchange.
the flow of substances, i.e. the exchange of substances The energy and substances of normal physiological bacteribus are dependent on the host, there is no difference between producers, consumers and decomposers in macro-ecology.
but there is metabolism of catabolison and synthesis.
degradation and synthesis are the inevitable pathways in microbial metabolism, which is consistent with the function of host cells.
normal physiological microbiome exchanges substances with host cells through degradation and anabolism.
cleavage cells and extracellular enzymes can be used by microorganisms, and the enzymes, vitamins, stimulators, and microbial degradation of cell components produced by microorganisms can also be used for host cells, so repeated substance exchange.
gene flow, or gene exchange, has a wide range of gene (i.e. DNA) exchange between normal microorganisms, such as drug resistance factors (R factors), toxicity factors, etc. can be exchanged between normal microorganisms through the transfer of substances.
micro-ecological agents can be used as nonse specific immunomodulation factors to promote the body's ability to devour cells and promote the ability of B lymphocytes to produce antibodies.
This not only inhibits the growth of corrupt and pathogenic bacteria, but also degrades toxic substances in the intestines (e.g. ammonia, phenols, endotoxins, etc.) and ensures the normal functioning of energy, material and gene flows in micro-ecosystems.
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