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The act of fecing (coprophagy) refers to the behavior of animals taking feces, including taking their own feces and other animal feces (intra- and interspecies), reabsorption of nutrients, but also for animals to provide essential amino acids, vitamin B, vitamin K, etc., many small mammals to meet their nutritional needs.
, feces can also help herbivores acquire the necessary intestinal flora to maintain the diversity and function of the intestinal flora.
, wang Dehua Ofa, of the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, recently revealed the effects of the fecal behavior of the small mammal Lasiopodomys Brandtii on intestinal flora and memory cognition, and found that fecal eating behavior regulates energy metabolism and cognitive behavior by altering the gut flora.
the Portchy rats, which live in the typical grassland area of Inner Mongolia, belong to the strict plant-eating small rodents, which have developed blind intestines, colons, and colon separation mechanisms and regular dung-eating behavior.
to explore how feces behavior affects the host's gut flora and what physiological effects it has, the study gave Brethy rats a plastic neck sleeve (preventing the animal's mouth from touching the anus) and adding barbed wire to the bottom of the cage to limit the feces behavior of the flesh field mice.
the determination of changes in the structure, energy metabolism, and cognitive ability of the gut microbiome in the brucellosis, it was found that the prohibition of fecal diet reduced the alpha diversity of the intestinal flora of the mice, changed the richness of the bacteria, increased bacteroidetes and decreased the size of the firmicutes.
when the animal's fecal behavior is restored, the structure and composition of the intestinal flora are restored. Further research
found that limiting fecal behavior led to changes in many physiological characteristics of animals, such as increased food intake, but weight loss, decreased levels of short-chain fatty acids in the blind intestine content (especially acetic acid, algenosy and butyric acid), increased stomach hunger, thyroid hormone T3 levels, tyrosine serotonin content in the hypothalamus and hippocampus, and decreased neurotic content of dopamine and serotonin.
study also found that limiting fecal behavior affected the cognitive behavior of animals, through a series of experimental measurements of the memory and cognitive level of field mice (such as Y-maze, foreign body recognition, individual identification) found that the cognitive ability of the field mice after limiting fecal behavior can be impaired.
to determine whether the reduction in memory and cognitive levels caused by limiting fecal behavior was related to intestinal flora, the study added acetate (a major metabolic product of a intestinal microbiome) to animals that restricted fecal behavior, and found that it significantly improved the cognitive impairment caused by the restriction of fecing behavior in The Fecal and hippocampus, and increased the amount of neurotransmitters in the hypothalamus and hippocampus.
the study, which focused on the feces behavior of The Bourget, for the first time linked fecal behavior to the cognitive level of intestinal flora and animals, and found that animals can supplement the intestinal flora through fecal behavior, maintain the stability of the core flora of field mice, increase metabolism and maintain the energy balance of animals, and help animals maintain normal memory and cognitive levels.
related results were published in The ISME Journal under the title Coprophagy prevention oede, metabolism, neurochemistry and cognitive behavior in a small mammal, and Bo Tingbei, Ph.D. student of the Animal Physiological Ecology Research Group of the National Key Research Laboratory for Integrated Research in Agricultural Pests, and Zhang Xueying, Associate Researcher, as the first author and researcher Wang Dehua.
the research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation.
Source: Animal Research Institute.