The generation of chain long system is the system innovation under the background of the times.

The global strategist Parag Connor once had a view on the future of national competition, which could be summed up as "the 21st century is essentially a supply chain race", which is further confirmed by the current international situation.
"Chain Long System" as an important institutional innovation to enhance the stability and competitiveness of the supply chain of the industrial chain, is a hot topic in the field of industrial optimization and development and policy research, and this paper will analyze and elaborate from the three aspects of the purpose, stage and characteristics of "chain long system".
1, "chain long system" two purposes: to enhance the stability of the chain supply chain, competitiveness, the author believes that the "chain long system" has two basic purposes, one is to enhance the stability of the chain supply chain, and the other is to enhance the competitiveness of the industrial chain supply chain.
To understand the two objectives of "chain long system" need to understand two backgrounds, one is the "chain long system" generation and development of the environment facing, that is, China's industrial development is facing the development environment, and the other is the development pattern of the global industrial chain, especially China's current position in the global value chain (GVC).
industrial development environment can be briefly analyzed from both international and domestic levels.
At the international level, the current pattern of protectionism, unilateralism, rising trade protectionism, the world economic downturn, shrinking international trade and investment, increasing uncertainty in global economic activities, and profound adjustments are under way in the international economic, scientific, technological, cultural, security and political patterns.
International Monetary Fund (IMF) released its new World Economic Outlook on April 14, 2020, predicting that the global economy will contract by 3% this year, describing it as the worst global recession since the Great Depression of the 1930s.
domestic level, the international trade issues represented by the Sino-US trade dispute have put greater pressure on China's industrial chain, and China's industrial chain supply chain is still dependent on developed economies.
in some areas of the global market, corporate stagnation, China's stable industrial development also challenges.
Against this background, China's 2020 government work report rarely set GDP growth targets, but to focus on "six stable" "six insurance" as the main work of this year's development (six stable including stable employment, stable finance, stable foreign trade, stable foreign investment, stable expectations, six insurance including residents employment, basic livelihood, market protection, food and energy security, industrial chain stability, and grass-roots operation).
how to deal with the complex international trade situation, how to deal with the challenges brought about by the new crown epidemic, how to ensure that the industrial chain in the current development environment is still safe and stable, these are the "chain long system" in trying to answer the question. figure
1 China's exports of goods to major countries (billion yuan) and growth rate (%) Picture source: the author self-drawn, data reference for the relevant year of the People's Republic of China National Economic and Social Development Statistics Bulletin in addition to the current international and domestic industrial development environment, another important background is the development pattern of the global industrial chain, especially China's position in the global value chain.
According to the research results of relevant scholars, China's global value chain (GVC) participation is relatively high and relatively stable, but China's division of labor position in the global value chain (GVC) has an upward trend, but it is still in the relatively downstream position of the global value chain.
the development status of China's industrial development in the global value chain (GVC) pattern is an urgent problem to be solved in China's industrial development pattern.
technology control ability often has a greater impact on the global industrial chain pattern, so one of the important strategies to solve this problem is to occupy the industrial commanding heights, especially for emerging strategic industries and emerging technologies, such as the current biomedicine, 5G, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, 3D printing, blockchain and other important future technologies, should strive to create a pre-emptive advantage, in the future technology to ensure the competitiveness of China's industrial chain, we can see that some areas of the "chain long system" policy has been strengthening the development of strategic industries.
figure 2 China's manufacturing global value chain status index and participation index picture source: the author self-drawn, data reference for the "China's manufacturing and services global value chain status GVC index measurement" in the current industrial development environment and the global industrial chain development pattern, the layout model of industrial development will be faced from the pursuit of efficiency of the market allocation model to anti-risk while taking into account the efficiency model, that is, the high-quality development of the industry will further include the stability and security of the important connotation, while countries in the future technology competition will become more and more intense.
At the same time, it is worth explaining that there is no relationship between the stability and competitiveness of the supply chain of the industrial chain, the two are mutually promoting, to ensure the stability of the supply chain of the industrial chain is the basis for the improvement of the competitiveness of the supply chain of the industrial chain, and to enhance the competitiveness of the supply chain of the industrial chain can provide an important impetus for the stability of the supply chain of the industrial chain.
2, "chain long system" of the three stages: pregnant in Xiang, started in Zhejiang, after the outbreak in the clear "chain long system" on the basis of a clear "chain long system" on the basis of a better understanding of the "chain long system" of the generation and development of the vein can better understand the connotation of chain length.
Overall, according to the time of the introduction of the relevant policies of the "chain long system" in various parts of China, the background of the introduction and the time density of the introduction of local policies, the generation and development of chain long system can be divided into three stages, namely, the stage of conception, the stage of rise and the stage of rapid development.
"chain long system" was conceived in Hunan Province in 2017 and 2018.
November 23, 2017, Changsha held the city's industrial chain work mobilization and deployment meeting, by 20 municipal leaders as "chain leader", "chain length" the word first appeared in the official report.
in April 2018, Xiangtan City in Hunan Province, the first "chain long system" to promote the high-quality development of regional industries.
In July 2018, Hunan issued the "Provincial Party Committee, provincial government leading comrades to contact the industry's emerging advantages of industrial chain division of labor program", in which the provincial party secretary Du Jiamian linked independent controlled computer and information security industry chain, Governor Xu Dazhe contact aerospace (including Beidou) and other industrial chains, provincial leaders began to participate in the "chain length" related work.
At this stage, the "chain long system" began to mature gradually, the core theme of the "chain long system" is to enhance the competitiveness of the industrial chain, in the perspective of efficiency and quality for the high-quality development of the industry to provide policy protection.
"chain long system" in Zhejiang Province in 2019.
Taking into account the impact of the complex international economic and trade situation on the domestic industrial chain, in August 2019, the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Commerce issued the Opinions of the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Commerce on the Implementation of the "Chain Long System" Pilot for the Development Zone Industry Chain to Further Promote the Innovation and Promotion of the Development Zone, and the "Chain Long System" began to be implemented at the provincial level in Zhejiang Province.
this stage, the theme of "chain length" includes, in addition to enhancing the competitiveness of the industrial chain, at the same time began to emphasize the stability and safety of the industrial chain connotation.
the same stage, in November 2019, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Government issued and implemented the "Guangxi Key Industrial Clusters and Industrial Chains Long Working Mechanism Implementation Program."
"chain long system" in some regions of the country after the outbreak.
In response to the impact of the global epidemic on industries and the challenges of trade disputes to industry, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the COMMUNIST Central Committee held a meeting on May 14th, noting that "we should deepen supply-side structural reforms, give full play to China's super-large-scale market advantages and domestic demand potential, and build a new development pattern of mutual promotion between domestic and international double cycles."
We should carry out industrial foundation re-engineering and industrial chain upgrading projects, consolidate the advantages of traditional industries, strengthen the leading position of advantageous industries, make urgent efforts to lay out strategic emerging industries, future industries, and upgrade the level of industrial base upgrading and industrial chain modernization."
background, various places have introduced "chain long system" related policies, including Jiangxi Province, Shandong Province, Nanjing City, Suzhou City, Beijing, Shenzhen, Hefei City, Changchun City and other regions.
At this stage, the "chain long system" has the theme of enhancing the competitiveness and stability of industrial development, and various places have implemented a targeted "chain long system" policy based on the characteristics of local industrial development, and the content of chain long system has been further enriched. Figure
Figure 3 China part of the implementation of "chain length" related policies of regional picture sources: the author according to the Internet data to organize self-drawing, only list part of the implementation of the industrial chain of the region three, "chain long system" characteristics: the industrial chain chooses to take into account strategic emerging industries and characteristic industries or leading industries, "chain length" often by high-level leadership as "chain length" has two basic elements, namely "chain length" and industrial chain.
analysis of the industrial chain chosen by the relevant policies of "chain long-term system" can be found that the choice of industrial chain to be included in the "chain long-term system" policy in various regions tends to take into account strategic emerging industries and characteristic development industries.
e.g. statistics on the industrial chain involved in the policy documents of 8 cities and 1 county in 6 provinces (Yu, Black, Yu, Xiang, Zhejiang, Gui 6 provinces, Baotou, Suzhou, Nanjing, Panjin, Texas, Shenzhen, Hefei, Changchun, 8 cities and 1 county-level city of Zhangzhou City) can be found in the biomedicine industry chain, integrated circuit industry chain, new energy vehicle industry chain and other strategic emerging industries appear frequently. Higher, at the same time, the region's leading industries or characteristic industries have also been emphasized, such as Changchun City will include the automotive and parts industry chain, Hefei City will include the quantum industry chain, Zhejiang Province will be intelligent computing industry chain, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region will be sucrose deep processing industry chain, in addition to more regions can be found to impact the epidemic more serious industries (such as cultural tourism industry), general short-plate industries (such as modern agriculture industry) also included.
Figure 4 In some parts of the "chain long system" appear part of the industrial chain frequency picture source: the author according to the Internet data to organize self-drawing, select part of the implementation of the "chain long system" of the region for statistical statistics out of the "chain long system" task requirements, "chain length" is often led by a high-level government, with the industrial chain responsible for the professional background or work experience, the use of the comprehensive coordination of local leaders, at a high level to ensure the integrity, stability and development of the various industrial chains.
in addition to a leader responsible for an industrial chain phenomenon, there are often "one shoulder pick", "one shoulder pick" phenomenon, that is, a leader as two or more industrial chain "chain length".
According to the relevant work programme (to Jiangxi industrial chain "chain long system" work programme as an example), it can be concluded that the "chain length" work responsibilities include at least "ming chain", "strong chain", "stable chain", that is, to clearly understand the industrial chain situation, the development of all links in the industrial chain has a clearer understanding, and through the relevant forms of results In addition, through planning, investment promotion, project construction, talent introduction, technological innovation, coordination to solve major difficult problems and other aspects of the work to achieve the industry chain to strengthen and better, at the same time to study the designated industrial chain related policy measures, the establishment of the corresponding daily mechanism, and then achieve the stable development of the industrial chain, in the system to ensure a "stable chain."
figure 5 "chain length" work responsibilities (to Jiangxi as an example) Picture source: The author refers to jiangxi industrial chain "chain long system" work programme self-drawing conclusion based on the above analysis and elaboration, can be initially concluded: "chain long system" is based on the current domestic and foreign industrial development environment and global industrial development pattern, to ensure the stability and competitiveness of the industrial chain supply chain An important system innovation, in the past time has experienced the "pregnant in Hunan, happy in Zhejiang, thriving after the outbreak" of the three stages, "chain length" in the "chain long system" by the main leadership, "chain long system" of the industrial chain choose to take into account strategic emerging industries and local characteristics of the industry or leading industries.
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