The Haikou Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences has achieved outstanding results in the construction of avocado seedling breeding technology system

Recently, the research team of Haikou Station of the Chinese Academy of Thermal Sciences has successively obtained 4 national invention patents related to avocado seedling breeding and 1 US invention patent, released the first avocado industry standard and other series of research results, and built a complete avocado seedling breeding technology system
.

 

Avocado (Persea americana Mill), also known as avocado, avocado, is a famous tropical and subtropical fruit tree, the fruit is rich in nutrients, rich in unsaturated fatty acids, popular with consumers
.
At present, China's avocado planting area is only 100,000 mu, the total output is 10,000 tons, more than 95% of the domestic avocado sales volume completely rely on imports, to achieve the large-scale industrialization of domestic avocados, efficient seedling breeding technology system is the key
.

 

According to the different needs of seedling quantity, quality, disease resistance and special purpose in different development periods of the avocado industry, the avocado research team of Haikou Station has developed and reserved the following technologies:

 

Standardize the market of avocado grafted seedlings, and formulate the industry standard
of "Avocado Seedling Breeding Technical Regulations".
Domestic avocado seedling technology is not standardized, the quality of seedlings is uneven, and the seedling market is relatively chaotic, mainly due to the imperfect
standardization technical regulations of conventional grafted seedlings.
Through technical investigation, test verification and the application effect of seedling enterprises, the team formulated technical procedures such as seedling breeding, grafting management, and seedling outflow, and summarized and formed the "Technical Regulations for Avocado Seedling Breeding", which effectively standardized the breeding standards
of avocado grafting seedlings.
The Technical Regulations for Seedling Breeding of Avocado (NY/T 4227-2022) is the first agricultural industry standard
for avocados.

 

To cope with the urgent needs of the industry to fight disease seedlings, solve difficult technical problems, and develop the breeding technology
of avocado resistant (resistant) disease seedlings.
Root rot is the deadliest disease of avocado, and disease-resistant varieties are the most effective prevention and control methods, among which seedlings are the key, and the breeding technology of avocado-resistant (resistant) seedlings is the key technology
that needs to be solved urgently.
Aiming at the problem of difficult rooting of avocado rootstocks, the team developed a breeding technology for disease-resistant seedlings through multiple grafting, yellowing treatment and hormone regulation, which solved the technical problems of the production of disease-resistant seedlings in avocado and provided a technical platform
for the selection and breeding of disease-resistant rootstocks.
The related technology "Cultivation Method of Clone Avocado Seedlings" has won the national invention patent
.

 

To meet the needs of the rapid development of the industry for the quality and quantity of seedlings, we have developed a rapid propagation technology
for avocado tissues.
With the rapid development of the avocado industry, the demand for high-quality and disease-resistant seedlings will increase sharply in the future, and the rapid propagation technology of avocado tissue will be the key technology
to meet the needs of the future industry.
The team broke through the bottleneck problems such as low tissue breeding coefficient and difficult rooting of avocado, and developed a rapid propagation technology for avocado tissue by using the totipotency of plant cells to achieve rapid propagation
of avocado seedlings.
The related technology "A method of tissue culture and rapid propagation of avocado" has won the national invention patent, and has signed a patent license cooperation agreement
with Yunnan Luyin Agricultural Development Co.
, Ltd.
, a leading domestic avocado enterprise.

 

To meet the future needs of water-saving, fertilizer-saving and efficient seedlings, we have developed key technologies
for hydroponic ponics of avocado seedlings.
Hydroponic technology has the advantages of water saving, fertilizer saving, high efficiency and accuracy, which is one of the
future trends of avocado seedlings.
According to the growth characteristics of avocado, the team screened out the hydroponic nutritional conditions suitable for the growth of avocado, developed seedling hydroponic technology, and provided a key technical platform
for the study of root physiology and disease of avocado.
The related technology "an avocado hydroponic method" has won the national invention patent
.

 

Aiming at the problem that it is difficult for avocado hybrid offspring to grow seedlings, an in vitro rescue technology for immature embryos of avocado was developed to improve the seedling growth rate
of hybrid offspring.
Hybrid breeding is an important method of avocado breeding, and the physiological fruit drop phenomenon of avocado seriously affects the hybridization efficiency, and immature embryo in vitro culture technology is a key step
to improve the seedling growth rate and hybridization efficiency of hybrid offspring.
According to the development of zygote embryos in avocado, the team developed an in vitro culture rescue technology for immature embryos to realize the in vitro seedlings of immature embryos, and provide key new technologies
for hybrid breeding and seedling breeding of avocados.
The related technology "In vitro rescue method of immature embryo of avocado" has been awarded national invention patents and American invention patents
.

 

The team takes seedling breeding as the main line, focuses on standard, high efficiency, disease resistance and special purposes, and builds a complete avocado seedling breeding technology system
through the research and development of the above core patented technologies and supporting technologies.

 

Avocado seedling breeding technical regulations and disease resistance (resistance) seedling breeding technology have been promoted and used in domestic large-scale avocado seedling breeding companies such as Yunnan Luyin Company, Guangxi Julonghe Company, Sichuan Youyang Agricultural Company, etc.
, with an annual output of 600,000 seedlings, accounting for more than
90% of the national seedlings.
Avocado organization rapid propagation technology, signed a patent implementation license cooperation agreement with Yunnan Luyin Agricultural Development Co.
, Ltd.
, a leading domestic avocado enterprise, and the production of tissue culture seedlings has also entered the factory stage
.
The construction of avocado seedling breeding technology system provides technical support
for the development of "one county and one industry" industry of avocado in Menglian County, Pu'er and Huidong County, Liangshan Prefecture, Sichuan, as well as the industrialization and scale of avocado in China.

 

Associate Professor Wang Jiashui, leader of the avocado research team at Haikou Station, is the leader of the seedling breeding technology system, and researcher Ma Weihong, assistant researcher Yang Hongbin, assistant researcher Li Yanxia and others participated in the research
.
Since its establishment, the avocado research team of Haikou Station has focused on the accurate evaluation of avocado germplasm resources, variety innovation, fruit quality characteristics and formation mechanism, etc.
, established and approved the Avocado Germplasm Resource Garden in Hainan Province, and published more than 40 academic papers in journals such as Food Hydrocolloids and Food Chemistry
.