The high adaptability of the Tibetan body in the plateau is caused by genetic variation.

A new study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences shows that seven new genetic variants can cause body mass index (BMI) and folic acid to rise to accommodate highland life at an average altitude of 1,200 meters, according to a new study published Thursday in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
scientists have long known that Tibetans can move freely where oxygen levels are 40 percent below sea level because their bodies use it extremely efficiently.
this is different from the average climber's body adapting to high altitudes by temporarily lifting hemoglobin.
know that too much hemoglobin often means that blood pumping is difficult, can lead to clotting and increases the chance of stroke and heart disease.
, the high adaptability of the Tibetan body in the plateau has always been a mystery.
previous studies have shown that two genes, EPAS1 and ELGN1, can reduce hemoglobin and improve the efficiency of oxygen use.
team of scientists led by Yang Jian of the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia, compared genetic samples from 3008 Tibetans and 7,287 non-Tibetans with those of Jin Zibing of Wenzhou Medical University in China.
they looked for common variations in them and worked out whether they spread through natural selection to the entire population.
addition to the two genes mentioned above, seven genes -- MTHFR, RAP1A, NEK7, ADH7, FGF10, HLA-DQB1, and HCAR2 -- also play an important role.
Yang Jian explains that the ADH7 gene variant is associated with higher body weight and BMI scores, which help the body store energy when it is particularly thin, and MTHF variants are also helpful for nutritional deficiencies, which promote the production of vitamin folic acid, which is associated with pregnancy Fertility is important, and when exposed to higher levels of UV radiation, the breakdown of high levels of folic acid can be used to repair the side effects of UV exposure; HLA-DQB1 is a key protein that regulates the immune system and helps people with extreme conditions and nutritional conditions avoid infection easily.
role of the other four gene variants is not yet clear, but it should be an evolutionary response under high altitude selection pressure.
In addition, the team used a sample pool to analyze the time Tibetans were separated from han Chinese -- about 4,725 years ago, 2,000 years earlier than previously suggested, in line with recent archaeological findings in a permanent settlement in Tibet.
, a geneticist at the University of Utah in Salt Lake City who also studies high-altitude genetics, believes the large samples make the results more credible.
: Genes are the basic units of life genetics, the human genome consisting of 3 billion base pairs, contains the mysteries of advanced life.
the International Human Genome Project, which began in 1990, provided a "description" for humans for the first time at the molecular level.
the gene tube, what effect does that gene mutation have, which gene-targeted drug is effective in treating the disease... you can find the answer in the genome map.
view, 5 million Tibetans can survive and create unique civilizations at the world's highest altitudes, and the seven newly discovered genetic mutations are "credited".
.