The innovative team of crop pathogenic fungal functional genomics of Northwest College of Agriculture, Forestry and Plant Protection has made new progress in fungal RNA editing research

Recently, the Crop Pathogen Fungal Functional Genomics Innovation Team of the College of Plant Protection published a research paper entitled "Uncovering Cis-Regulatory Elements Important for A-to-I RNA Editing in Fusarium graminearum" online in mBio, an authoritative journal in the international microbial field, which revealed the impact of A-to-I in Fusarium grainichophyllum The variety of RNA cis-acting elements that occur with RNA editing provides new insights
into the complex regulatory principles of A-TO-I RNA editing.
A-to-I RNA editing is an important epigenetic modification mechanism that modifies A bases in RNA molecules to I(G) bases, resulting in altered
genetic information.

A-to-I RNA editing was previously reported only in animals and is considered a phenomenon
endemic to animals.

The team first discovered the phenomenon of A-to-I RNA editing in fungi in 2016, and subsequent studies proved that A-to-I RNA editing has a key regulatory role in the sexual reproduction of filamentous ascomycetes such as Fusarium granale and Chorcospora coarse, and is an important driving force
for the adaptive evolution of fungi.

A-to-I editing is not possible at all A sites on RNA, and the editing sites have certain specificity, and the editing efficiency of different editing sites is also different
.

What is the mechanism that controls the specificity and editing efficiency of the editing site? In this study, more than 40,000 A-to-I editing sites were identified from Fusarium granale, and the effects and effects of nearly 100 RNA sequences and structural features on editing were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed
by combining genome comparison, experimental verification and machine learning methods.

The results show that the A-to-I RNA editing of fungi is affected by a variety of cis-regulatory elements, and the primary sequence and secondary structural characteristics of multiple RNAs have an important impact
on the specificity and editing efficiency of RNA editing.

Unlike in animals, the influence of the primary sequence on A-to-I RNA editing in fungi dominates, and the base preference of -2 to +4 around the editing site, especially -1, is the most important influencing factor, reflecting the difference
in A-to-I RNA editing mechanism in fungi and animals.

Surprisingly, the combination of preferred and non-preferred bases is also important
for the specificity and editing efficiency of RNA editing.

The study further found that full-length RNA molecules have a certain effect on editing efficiency, suggesting the role of
RNA's advanced structure.

Professor Liu Huiquan of the College of Plant Protection and Professor JRX of Pudu University were co-corresponding authors of the paper, doctoral student Feng Chanjing was the first author of the paper, and master students Cao Xinyu, Du Yanfei and Chen Yitong also made important contributions to
the research of the paper.

The research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
.

Original link: https://journals.
asm.
org/doi/10.
1128/mbio.
01872-22 Source: Northwest A & F University

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