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Both living and human beings can face low-oxygen stress.
living in highlands or special environments and humans have developed a series of measures to adapt to low-oxygen environments, such as improving the efficiency of oxygen transport or increasing the efficiency of oxygen utilization.
tumor cells also cause local hypoxia.
numerous studies have shown that both the hypoxyinduce factor (HIF) and the pressure response factor (NF-kB) are involved in the bio-hypoxic stress and adaptation process.
insects do not rely on blood, but directly to tissues and organs through a well-developed trachea system.
they have a unique adaptation mechanism in addition to adapting to the low-oxygen environment using mechanisms similar to those used by other organisms? A study by the Recreational Research Group of the Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences found that the insulin signaling pathway regulates the adaptation of locusts to low oxygen.
the world's most widely distributed insect, forming a specific population on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that diverged with plain populations about 90,000 years ago.
the size of The Tibetan locusts has become significantly smaller, forming a stable population in the Yalu-Zangbu River valley.
genome-wide resequencing results showed that ptPN1, a phosphatase (PTP1B) encoder that inhibits insulin receptor activity, mutated in highland populations and showed positive selection effects.
the enzyme inhibits the biochemical process of the insulin pathway by dephosphateizing the insulin receptor. After low oxygen treatment of
plain locusts, the enzyme's activity increased, thus strengthening the inhibition of the insulin pathway and producing a low oxygen stress response.
on the contrary, the enzyme protein mutation in the Tibetan locusts caused the individual to maintain a relatively stable insulin pathway activity, so that the sugar metabolism remained at a normal level, so as to adapt to the plateau hypoxia state.
this inspires researchers to respond to low oxygen stress responses and to overcome altitude responses by adjusting the use and metabolism of blood sugar.
study also provides reference for low-oxygen-related diseases such as insulin resistance due to obesity, treatment of type 2 diabetes, and chemotherapy treatment of tumors.
work is published in Nature-Communications (Communications, DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07529-8) under the title Genetic in PTPN1 Contributes to Berre To Change to High-Altitude Hypoxia in The Sein Goss. Ding Wei, a doctoral student at the
Animal Institute, is the first author, and Chen Bing, a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and an associate researcher, is the author of the paper.
the study was funded by the NSFC's International Interregional Cooperation (31661143048) and the Onthed Project (31472048).
Source: Animal Research Institute.