The largest resequencing of the lotus genome to date has been completed

belongs to the genus Liankolian and is one of the earliest plants in the plant. At present, the two species that survived are lotus and American yellow lotus, which are mainly distributed in Asia, and American yellow lotus, which are mainly distributed in North and South America. After a long period of domestication, wild lotus in nature is partially differentiated into various cultivation types such as lily, zilien and hualien. Through the study of lotus genome diversity and genetic mechanism, we can better guide the cultivation of fine varieties and enhance economic value.
recently, the Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Vegetable Research Institute researcher Ke Weidong team in cooperation with Huada Gene Associate Researcher Jane Jianbo team published a research paper online in the Journal of Plants. The study resequenced 296 lotus species resources using short-reading long sequencing technology, covered different species, ecological types and cultivated lotus types from a wide geographical distribution, and provided important genomic resources for lotus origin and evolution, cultivation lotus domestication research, and provided new clues for lotus breeding by obtaining genetic variation information, population structure and other group genetic data through bio-information analysis.
the study studied representative lotus samples collected worldwide from the National Aquatic Vegetable Species Resource Bank of the Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, including 4 American yellow lotus, 58 wild lotus, 163 lotus, 32 lotus and 39 hualien. The study found that the ratio and coverage of Asian lotus were relatively high, while the ratio of American lily was significantly lower, at 92.21% and the coverage rate was only 81.34%.
analysis of phylogenetic tree, PCA, structure and LDdecay confirmed that the American yellow lotus and lotus have a long genetic distance, can be divided into two species. The analysis of wild lotus group shows that the difference between wild lotus and yangtze river basin in Northeast China is small, and the differentiation of wild lotus in Southeast Asia into two groups, which are together with wild lotus in Northeast China and wild lotus in Yunnan, shows that the structure of wild lotus population in Southeast Asia is more complex. The genetic diversity analysis shows that the diversity of wild lotus is declining from south to north, and the diversity of wild lotus in Southeast Asia and Yunnan is higher than that of wild lotus in the Yangtze River basin and northeast china, indicating that Yunnan and Southeast Asia may be the origin center of wild lotus in Asia. At the same time, it was found that the sub-lotus and lynum in the cultivated lotus had distant kinship and originated from wild lotus in different regions.
Through the analysis of domestication selection of cultivated lotus, the candidate genes collected in the areas associated with the domestication of the sub-lotus include protein processing of the kerucose body, endotrine network, fructose and glyceride metabolism and ubilin-mediated protein hydrolysing. The main rich genes in lily are biosynthetic-related genes in metabolic pathways and secondary metabolites. The relevant area of the lotus domestication selection contains 13 wall-related kinase genes, 8 of which are in the 19.48-20.65 Mb range of chromosome 2, which may be related to the process of plant nutrient growth and cell elongation.
study focused on the genetic diversity characteristics of lotus, analyzed the origin, evolution and domestication history of lotus, and identified the genetic basis of its fine traits. A large number of lotus genome diversity SNP markers have been obtained in the study, which is of great guiding significance to lotus molecular breeding. (Source: Zhang Qingdan, China Science Daily)
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