The meaning and characteristics of Chinese medicine classification (1)

The dosage form is the form of the Chinese patent medicine, which is closely related to the preparation and administration of the Chinese patent medicine.

Types of Chinese medicines included in the General Rules for Preparations of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia in 2015

Tablets (lozenges, chewable tablets, effervescent tablets, vaginal and vaginal effervescent tablets, enteric-coated tablets), injections (injection, sterile powder for injection, concentrated solution for injection), capsules (hard capsules, soft capsules) Capsules, enteric-coated capsules), granules (soluble granules, suspended granules, effervescent granules), ophthalmic preparations [liquid ophthalmic preparations (eye drops), semi-solid ophthalmic preparations (eye ointment)], nasal Formulations [liquid preparations for the nose (nasal drops, nasal washes, nasal sprays), semi-solid preparations for the nose (nasal ointment, nasal cream), solid preparations for the nose (nasal powder)], suppositories , Pills (honey pill, water pill, water pill, paste pill, wax pill, concentrated pill, drop pill), ointment and cream, spray, aerosol, gel, powder, syrup, liniment, film Agent, tincture, patch, patch (gel patch, rubber patch), lotion, mixture, lozenge, decoction (paste), glue, wine, plaster, lotion, tea (block) Form tea, tea bag, decoction tea), liquid extract and extract

(1) Tablets (General Rule 0101)

1.

(1) Extract tablets: refers to the tablets made from the whole amount of the extract made by extracting the decoction pieces of traditional Chinese medicine with a suitable solvent and method

(2) Semi-extract tablets: refer to tablets made by mixing fine powder of some Chinese herbal medicines with thick extract

(3) All-powder tablets: refer to tablets made by pulverizing all Chinese herbal medicines in the prescription into fine powder as raw materials and adding appropriate auxiliary materials

2.

3.

(1) Oral tablet: refers to the most widely used type of tablet that is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract and exerts its effect after oral administration

(2) Lozenge: refers to a tablet that is slowly dissolved in the oral cavity to produce a local or systemic effect

(3) Chewable tablets: refer to tablets that are chewed in the mouth and swallowed

(4) Effervescent tablets: refer to tablets that contain sodium bicarbonate and organic acids , which can produce gas when exposed to water and are effervescent

(5) Vaginal tablets and vaginal effervescent tablets: refer to tablets placed in the vagina for use

(6) Enteric-coated tablets: refer to tablets coated with enteric coating materials

(2) Injections (General Rule 0102)

1.

2.

Classification can be divided into 3 injections injections, sterile powder for injection of the injection solution or the like with conc
.

(1) Injection: It refers to a sterile liquid preparation for injection into the body after extraction, purification or with suitable auxiliary materials, including solution type and emulsion type
.
It can be used for subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, or intravenous drip
.
Among them, the large-volume injection for intravenous drip (unless otherwise specified, generally not less than 100ml), can also be called infusion
.

(2) Sterile powder for injection: refers to the sterile powder or block that is prepared from decoction pieces after extraction, purification or with suitable auxiliary materials for injection with a sterile solution before use.
Bacteria sub-packaging or freeze-drying method
.
It can be injected with a suitable solvent for injection, or it can be infused with intravenous infusion
.

(3) Concentrated solution for injection: refers to a sterile concentrated solution for intravenous drip after being diluted and purified from decoction pieces and prepared with appropriate auxiliary materials before use
.

(3) Capsules (General Rule 0103)

1.
Meaning Capsules refer to solid preparations that are processed by suitable methods and filled with suitable auxiliary materials in hollow capsules or sealed in soft capsules, mainly for oral use
.

2.
Features

(1) Hard capsules: smooth, beautiful and easy to swallow
.
Capsules can cover the bad smell of the medicine, and the bioavailability is high.
After the capsule shell is dissolved, the medicine is directly dispersed and dissolved in the digestive tract without disintegration and dissolution
.
The stability is good, and the capsule shell can isolate the drug from contact with light, air and moisture
.
It is convenient to carry and store, low production cost, small dosage, and generally no or less excipients are added
.
It is not suitable to be made into hard capsules for irritating drugs, drugs that are easy to weather, and drugs with strong hygroscopicity
.

(2) Soft capsules: In addition to the characteristics of hard capsules, liquid medicines with high oil content or lipophilic properties can be made into soft capsules
.
The bioavailability is slightly higher than that of hard capsules, and the stability of the drug is better
.
Soft capsules are highly plastic and elastic
.

(3) Enteric-coated capsules: The capsule shell only dissolves and releases the drug in the intestinal juice.
The capsule shell is processed by a special method or coated with a special polymer material.
It does not dissolve in the gastric juice, but disintegrates and melts in the intestinal juice to release the drug.
Active ingredient
.

3.
Classification According to the difference of capsule shells, it can be divided into hard capsules, soft capsules (capsules), and enteric-coated capsules
.

(1) Hard capsules (commonly known as capsules): refer to uniform powders, granules, small tablets, pellets, semi-solid or liquids, etc.
, made by adding extracts, extracts and fine powders of decoction pieces or fine powders of decoction pieces, or adding appropriate auxiliary materials.
Capsules in hollow capsules
.

(2) Soft capsule: refers to directly encapsulating a certain amount of liquid extract, or dissolving or dispersing the solid extract in suitable auxiliary materials to prepare a solution, suspension, emulsion or semi-solid, and sealing it in a soft Capsules in capsules
.
It can be prepared by dropping method or pressing method
.
The soft capsule material is generally made of gelatin, glycerin or other suitable medicinal materials for capsules alone or in combination
.

(3) Enteric-coated capsules: refer to hard capsules made by filling the capsules with granules or pellets coated with enteric-coated materials, or hard or soft capsules made with suitable enteric-coated materials
.
Enteric-coated capsules are insoluble in gastric juice, but can disintegrate in intestinal juice to release active ingredients
.
Unless otherwise specified, the Illumination Release Inspection Law (General Rule 0931) shall meet the requirements
.