The mechanism of regulating yield of super rice grain wide grain heavy gene is revealed

recently, the Rice Genome Module Innovation Team of the China Rice Research Institute published its latest research results online in New Botanists. The study cloned a rice grain wide grain heavy QTL/gene and carried out functional analysis, which laid the foundation for the clarification of the genetic control mechanism and high-yield molecular breeding of rice granules.
, scientists have cloned some important genes/QTL that control the size of rice grains, but the molecular mechanism of rice grain size and grain weight regulation remains unclear. Rice breeders used natural variations in grain size to improve rice yield and quality, but only a few allephic variations of granular regulatory genes could be widely used.
researchers used the pre-constructed super hybrid rice "two excellent nine" recombination of the self-interbreeding system and high-resolution genetic map, detected 3 grain wide QTL and 2 grain weight QTL. Subsequently, using a large BC4F2 population, the researchers cloned a grain-wide-grain heavy QTL-qTGW2, encoded cell number regulator OsCNR1.
study found that the transcription level of the pro-Ben Pei dwarf 64s allied gene in the female shell during pregnancy was significantly higher than that of the 93-11 isotype, and the number of shell cells decreased significantly. The initiation sub-region of the TGW2 gene causes the key site of expression difference, and TGW2 and the genome of the regulated cell cycle KRP1 are mutually formed modules, negatively regulating rice grain width and grain weight.
the 93-11 all-position tgw2 into the background of the python 64s, the yield can be increased by 12.3% without affecting other agrochemical conditions. The sequence analysis of rice species resources with broad representativeness found that the key site of TGW2 gene starter sub-region was a variety of aus rice with a short 64s allebetic type, and revealed the domestication selection of the gene breeding.
this study is not only helpful to reveal the genetic control mechanism of grain size of rice and even undergraduate crops, but also provides new genetic resources for high-yielding and high-quality breeding of rice, which can speed up the application in super rice breeding.
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