The Ministry of Agriculture has set a goal: to promote 5 million mu of fully biodegradable plastic film this year!

[ Policies and Regulations of Chemical Machinery and Equipment Network ] The Biodegradable Materials Research Institute reported that on March 16, 2022, the Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection Station of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs issued the "2022 Technical Guidance for the Scientific Use and Recycling of Plastic Films", in key film-using areas This year, 50 million mu of thickened high-strength mulch film and 5 million mu of fully biodegradable mulch film will be promoted to various places.
The whole process of reduction at the source, use management and end recovery will be integrated to solve the problems of traditional mulch film recycling difficulties and high replacement costs
.

 

Technical Guidance for the Scientific Use and Recovery of Plastic Films (Full Text)

 

Agricultural Ecology and Resource Protection Station of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs

 

Promoting the scientific use and recycling of plastic film is an important measure to ensure food security and the effective supply of important agricultural products, effectively solve the problem of "white pollution" in farmland, and promote the green development of agriculture
.
From 2022, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and the Ministry of Finance, together with relevant departments, will organize the pilot work of scientific use and recycling of plastic film, focusing on promoting thickening of high-strength plastic film and fully biodegradable plastic film, and improving the level of plastic film recycling
.
In order to promote the pilot work in a scientific and orderly manner, the following technical guidelines are specially formulated
.

 

1.
Basic principles
 

(1) Adhere to the coordination of production and ecology
.
Use plastic film mulching technology scientifically, give full play to the function of increasing temperature and moisture, ensure stable agricultural production, strengthen the recycling and reduction of plastic film, and effectively protect and improve the quality of the agricultural ecological environment
.

 

(2) Adhere to both quality and efficiency
.
Strengthen the quality source control of plastic film products, strictly implement the performance indicators and environmental safety requirements of plastic film products, strengthen the guidance on the use and recycling of plastic film, improve the yield and quality of crops, and improve the recycling value of waste plastic film
.

 

　　(3) Adhere to parallel research and promotion
.
Continue to strengthen the scientific use of plastic film recycling key technologies, product equipment research, improve technical regulations, summarize typical models, and advance the pilot work in a stable and orderly manner
.

 

　　2.
Product indicators
 

　　(1) Thickened high-strength plastic film
 

　　The product thickness, mechanical properties and other indicators should not be lower than the relevant requirements of Class I anti-aging mulch film in "Polyethylene Blow Molding Agricultural Ground Covering Film" (GB 13735-2017), of which the nominal thickness of the product should not be less than 0.
015mm, effectively covering the use time Not less than 180 days, and mechanical performance indicators such as the maximum tensile load and nominal strain at break after use are not less than 50% of the initial value
.
The raw materials of the product shall not be added with recycled materials and adjuvants that are explicitly prohibited by the state and are not conducive to crop growth and harmful soil, and the total ash content shall be controlled within 0.
5%
.

 

　　(2) Fully biodegradable plastic film
 

　　Product thickness, mechanical properties and other indicators should meet the requirements of "Fully Biodegradable Agricultural Ground Covering Film" (GB/T 35795-2017), the main components are aliphatic polyester, aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, etc.
Biomass materials shall not contain olefinic raw materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
Appropriate proportions of starch, cellulose, etc.
, as well as other fillers and functional additives without environmental hazards can be added
.
The water vapor transmission rate of the product is below 400g/(square meter • 24h), and the effective service life is more than 60 days
.

 

　　3.
Technical points
 

　　(1) Reduction at source
 

　　Taking into account the regional water and heat resource conditions and crop growth and development needs, taking into account the input of plastic film mulching and the benefits of crop output, the suitability evaluation indicators of plastic film mulching are proposed by each region according to local conditions, and the suitable zones for plastic film mulching are scientifically delineated
.
On the basis of sufficient investigation and research, through variety breeding, planting system optimization and other methods, scientifically promote technologies such as film-free shallow burial drip irrigation, water-retaining agent application, straw mulching replacement and other technologies according to local conditions to reduce the amount of plastic film; The use of mulching film and the reduction of mulching film coverage are used to reduce the strength and input of mulching film
.

 

　　(2) Field coverage
 

　　1.
Thicken high-strength plastic film covering
.
According to regional climatic characteristics and actual production conditions, all regions should choose reasonable mulching methods and time, and do a good job in key links such as land preparation and fertilization, ridge mulching, and timely and appropriate moisture sowing
.
According to product performance indicators, timely improve sowing, mulching and other supporting equipment and agronomic measures
.

 

　　2.
Fully biodegradable mulch cover
.
It is advisable to choose a plot with convenient irrigation and drainage, sufficient water source and loose soil structure.
According to the moisture content at the time of planting, the soil should be properly ploughed, and the crop residues and stones in the soil should be removed to ensure the smoothness of the soil surface and avoid premature damage of the mulch film during the laying process
.
When the soil moisture content is suitable, the soil is prepared, and the rotary tillage is generally performed more than once.
The organic fertilizer can be applied to the soil along with the rotary tillage operation to avoid the direct contact of the mulch film with the organic fertilizer
.
When laying, the mulch film should be properly tensioned and close to the soil bed, and an appropriate amount of soil can be covered every 2-3 meters to prevent wind
.
When using the drip irrigation system, try to avoid long-term contact with the drip irrigation tape when laying the mulch
.
In arid areas, the frequency and amount of irrigation can be appropriately increased, and long-term water storage on the film should be avoided to prevent premature degradation of the plastic film
.

 

　　(3) Picking up in the field
 

　　1.
Manual picking
.
After the polyethylene mulch film completes the functional coverage period, before the film surface is obviously damaged, it can be manually picked up and recycled in a timely manner
.
After the crops are harvested or before sowing, tools such as hoes can be used to manually ditch along the film side, so that the mulch film pressed in the soil is completely exposed, and the film can be manually pulled from the field along the mulching direction
.

 

　　2.
Mechanical pickup
.
After the crops are harvested, for the land leveling and mulching planting concentrated and contiguous areas, use a residual film recovery single operation machine of appropriate width or a combined straw smashing and returning field and residual film recycling machine; And in areas with small fields, small single-type residual film recovery machines or compound-type combined operation machines are used
.
Before sowing in the next season, recycling machinery such as spring-tooth type and rake type can be used to recover the residual film in the plough layer
.
After the machine is picked up, the mulch film left in the farmland and the areas that cannot be picked up by the machinery in the field can be picked up manually
.
The quality of mechanical picking operations should meet the requirements of "Operation Quality of Residual Film Recycling Machines" (NY/T 1227-2019), which can effectively reduce the impurity content of recycled residual films
.

 

　　(4) Recycling
 

　　1.
Unified recycling
.
Set up a dedicated waste plastic film recycling site for unified recycling
.
After the waste plastic film is picked up in the field, it needs to be cleaned and sent to the recycling site in time, and must not be discarded, buried or incinerated at will
.
All localities should explore and summarize effective recycling models according to local conditions, strengthen the implementation of subsidy policies, and establish and improve long-term recycling mechanisms
.
The location, layout, and scale of recycling sites should be coordinated with the economic development status, transportation convenience, and the amount of plastic film used in the jurisdiction, so as to facilitate delivery and transportation, and comply with the principles of high efficiency and environmental protection
.
Encourage the plastic film recycling system to be combined with the supply and marketing cooperation system, garbage disposal, and renewable resource systems
.
Recycling sites must have necessary enclosure facilities.
After sorting, bundling and packing the delivered waste plastic film, it will be promptly delivered to the nearest recycling and processing enterprise for processing
.

 

　　2.
Resource utilization
.
According to the actual situation in various places, waste plastic film recycling and processing enterprises can use various methods such as regeneration granulation, fuel extraction, fuel power generation, and wood-plastic production for resource utilization
.
Recycling granulation is a commonly used method at present.
Through classification and screening, membrane separation, crushing, cleaning, dehydration and draining, smelting and plasticizing, cutting and granulation and other technological processes, water-saving, energy-saving, high-efficiency and low-pollution technologies are selected.
and equipment to realize the processing and reuse of waste plastic film
.
For waste mulch film with high content of straw impurities, difficult to sort, and low reuse value, special equipment can be used to burn the waste mulch to expand the diversified treatment path of waste mulch
.

 

　　Fourth, matters needing attention
 

　　(1) Strictly control the quality of plastic film products
.
It is necessary to strengthen the quality supervision of plastic film products, organize and carry out random inspections of plastic film sales markets during the critical season of spring ploughing and preparation, actively guide farmers to use qualified plastic film products, strictly implement relevant product quality standards, increase joint supervision and law enforcement, and strictly prohibit the production, sales and use of non-standard plastic film.
, the mulch film in the pilot area ensures that 100% of the product index requirements proposed in this opinion are met
.

 

　　(2) Strengthen the scientific nature of the pilot work
.
All provinces should organize research and formulate technical plans for the scientific use and recycling of plastic film suitable for their regions, improve the operability of the technology, give full play to the guiding role of experts, and strengthen technical guidance and services for pilot counties
.
Timely sum up the pilot work experience and technical application effects, study the bottlenecks in tackling key problems, develop a batch of simple, efficient and economical picking and recycling machinery, condense a batch of typical technical models, form a batch of technical regulations, and actively explore the inclusion of fully biodegradable mulch mulching.
Agricultural insurance and other supporting policies to ensure the scientific and effective progress of the pilot work
.

 

　　(3) Do a good job in monitoring, investigation and evaluation
.
It is necessary to establish a village, township (town), county (city, district) three-level plastic film use and recycling management ledger.
Agricultural production enterprises, professional cooperatives, large planters, etc.
must improve the plastic film ledger records.
Waste plastic film recycling sites and recycling and processing enterprises must Improve the recycling and utilization ledger, reasonably arrange mulch application investigation and residual pollution monitoring points, timely grasp the dynamic changes of regional pollution, and scientifically evaluate the effectiveness of the pilot work
.