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    Home > Medical News > Medical World News > The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is announced!

    The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is announced!

    • Last Update: 2021-10-10
    • Source: Internet
    • Author: User
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    According to the official website of the Nobel Prize, on the afternoon of the 4th Beijing time, the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was first announced.
    American scientists David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian Awarded for discoveries in temperature and touch
    .
    As a result, 2021 "Nobel Prize Week" officially started
    .
    As one of the most prestigious medical research awards, from the list of Nobel Prizes in Physiology or Medicine over the years, it is not difficult to explore the major achievements of medical development over a century
    .
    [Their research helps us perceive temperature and pressure in the world] The Nobel Prize official website stated that our ability to perceive heat, cold, and touch is essential to survival and is the basis for our interaction with the world around us
    .
    In our daily lives, we take these feelings for granted, but how are nerve impulses activated so that we can sense temperature and pressure? This year's Nobel Prize winner has solved this problem
    .
    David Julius uses capsaicin (a pungent compound from peppers that can cause a burning sensation) to identify sensors in the nerve endings of the skin that respond to heat
    .
    Arden Pataptian uses pressure-sensitive cells to discover a new type of sensor that can respond to mechanical stimuli in the skin and internal organs
    .
    These breakthrough discoveries have initiated intensive research activities, which have led to a rapid increase in our understanding of how the nervous system perceives heat, cold, and mechanical stimuli
    .
    [A Centennial Award: "New Discoveries Make Life Better"] The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was first awarded in 1901, and 120 years have passed since
    .
    The award is selected by the Caroline College of Medical Sciences in Sweden and is one of the most authoritative medical awards
    .
    The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is engraved with a sentence: "New discoveries make life better.
    " This is also the meaning of the award
    .
    Over the years, the award winners have devoted themselves to research and continuous exploration, looking for new ways to fight disease and death, and benefit all mankind.

    .
    From 1901 when Behring won the award for the invention of diphtheria serum therapy, Harvey Alt, Michael Horton and Charles Rice, who won the award for outstanding contributions to the discovery of hepatitis C virus in 2020, are the winners of the award.
    research areas, covering physiology, genetics, biochemistry, metabolic and Immunology, and so on
    .
    【Extraordinary significance, these discoveries have saved countless lives! ] Therefore, in the eyes of many people, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is also a "fighting history" between humans and diseases
    .
    Nowadays, diabetes is a common endocrine and metabolic disease, but before the 20th century, it was regarded as an "incurable disease"
    .
    Until 1921, Frederick Banting and his colleagues isolated the active substance needed to consume sugar from the dog's body, and injected this substance into a diabetic, dying dog, the dog’s condition was very serious.
    It's getting better soon
    .
    This substance is insulin, which makes countless diabetic patients lead a normal life
    .
    Banting won the Physiology or Medicine Prize in 1923.
    At the age of 32, he became the youngest recipient of the prize so far
    .
    The discovery of penicillin is also of great significance, which allows humans to no longer fear bacterial infections and significantly extend their average life span
    .
    Alexander Fleming and others, therefore won the Nobel Prize in 1945
    .
    In addition, the most well-known Chinese is that Chinese scientist Tu Youyou isolated the antimalarial drug artemisinin from traditional Chinese medicine, and won the Nobel Prize in 2015.
    The malaria treatment based on this has saved millions of people.
    Life
    .
    Looking back over the past year or so, all mankind has been fighting against a new type of virus-the new crown virus.
    Many Nobel Prize winners in physiology or medicine have also participated in it
    .
    Michael Horton, a virologist at the University of Alberta, Canada, is the winner of the award in 2020
    .
    Last year, when the news of Holden's award came out, the University of Alberta revealed that Holden was leading the team to develop a new coronavirus vaccine and was about to promote the vaccine to enter the human trial stage
    .
    The Doherty Institute, where the well-known Australian immunologist and Nobel laureate Peter Doherty belongs, also successfully isolated the new coronavirus in the second half of 2020, and cooperated with the University of Queensland on the new coronavirus vaccine
    .
    Recently, a recent study involving Doherty also found that the new coronavirus is the seventh coronavirus that has infected humans in the past 20 years
    .
    The previous six coronaviruses were transmitted to humans through animals, and the new coronavirus also has all the characteristics of these six coronaviruses
    .
    This discovery provides strong evidence for the view that the new coronavirus is transmitted to humans through animals
    .
    Doherty criticized the "laboratory leak theory" and called on "Don't let truth become a political victim
    .
    " As of 2020, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded 111 times.
    Since many people often share the prize, the number of winners reached 222.
    People
    .
    What are the interesting numbers behind this award? 1 pair of "father and son soldiers": Arthur Kornberg, who won the award in 1959, and Roger Kornberg, who won the Chemistry Award in 2006, are a father and son
    .
    When Roger Kornberg won the award, he said that he still remembers when he was young, when he followed his father to Stockholm to receive the award
    .
    12 female winners: This award produced a total of 222 Nobel Prize winners, including 12 women
    .
    The total number of prize winners and the number of female prize winners are both "tops" in the Nobel Prize for Science
    .
    32 nominations and no awards: The Austrian psychologist Freud, who is well known by many people for his book "The Analysis of Dreams", has been nominated for the award 32 times, but failed to win the award in his life, becoming the most senior "accompany runner" "One
    .
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